A diet rich in high-oleic-acid sunflower oil favorably alters low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and factor VII coagulant activity.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to compare the effects of a monounsaturated fat-rich diet (using high-oleic-acid sunflower oil) versus a saturated fat-rich diet on blood lipids and coagulation factors.
Results Summary
The study found that the monounsaturated fat diet (sunflower oil) lowered factor VIIc, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides compared to the saturated fat diet, with no significant differences in fibrinogen, insulin, or plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity. Plasma oleic acid levels significantly increased on the sunflower oil diet.
Population
Nonsmoking men and women aged 35-69 with no chronic illness or medication use (15 subjects completed the study).
Effective Dosage
Fat intake constituted 20.3% of total energy in the MUFA diet (specific sunflower oil dosage not detailed).
Duration
5 weeks per diet phase (10 weeks total for the MUFA diet in one group).
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
diet rich in monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) | decrease | Factor VIIc | Men and women aged 35 to 69 years who were nonsmokers with no chronic illness and not on any medication | - | was lower | #1 |
diet rich in monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) | no change | fibrinogen concentrations | Men and women aged 35 to 69 years who were nonsmokers with no chronic illness and not on any medication | - | did not differ | #2 |
diet rich in monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) | no change | insulin concentrations | Men and women aged 35 to 69 years who were nonsmokers with no chronic illness and not on any medication | - | did not differ | #3 |
diet rich in monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) | no change | plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity | Men and women aged 35 to 69 years who were nonsmokers with no chronic illness and not on any medication | - | did not differ | #4 |
diet rich in monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) | decrease | Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels | Men and women aged 35 to 69 years who were nonsmokers with no chronic illness and not on any medication | - | were lower | #5 |
diet rich in monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) | decrease | triglyceride levels | Men and women aged 35 to 69 years who were nonsmokers with no chronic illness and not on any medication | - | were lower | #6 |
diet rich in monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) | increase | plasma phospholipid oleic acid | Men and women aged 35 to 69 years who were nonsmokers with no chronic illness and not on any medication | - | significant increase | #7 |
diet rich in monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) | increase | neutral lipid oleic acid | Men and women aged 35 to 69 years who were nonsmokers with no chronic illness and not on any medication | - | significant increase | #8 |
OBJECTIVE: To compare concentrations of factor VII coagulant activity (factor VIIc), fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and blood lipids on a saturated fat-rich diet with one rich in monounsaturated fat. DESIGN: Subjects were randomly allocated to two groups. The study design was an ABB/BAA extra-period crossover. One group consumed a diet rich in saturated fatty acid (SFA) with fat making up 20.8% of total energy, for 5 weeks and then one rich in monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), with fat making up 20.3% of total energy for 10 weeks. The other group consumed the MUFA diet for 5 weeks followed by the SFA diet for 10 weeks. SUBJECTS/SETTING: Men and women aged 35 to 69 years who were nonsmokers with no chronic illness and not on any medication were recruited to participate. Eighteen subjects were recruited and 15 (5 men, 10 women) completed the community-based study. INTERVENTION: Blood was sampled at the beginning and end point of each 5-week diet period for analysis of coagulation and fibrinolysis factors and blood lipids. Subjects kept 3-day food diaries twice during each of the three diet periods and were weighed on each visit for blood collection. Analysis of plasma fatty acids was used to indicate dietary compliance. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Differences in fasting factor VIIc, fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, insulin, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoproteins A-1 and B, and plasma oleic acid levels while receiving the SFA diet vs MUFA diet. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: A general linear model allowing for the ABB/BAA extra-period crossover, was used for each of the outcome measures. RESULTS: Factor VIIc was lower on the MUFA diet ( P <.05) but fibrinogen and insulin concentrations and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity did not differ between diets. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( P <.001) and triglyceride ( P <.01) levels were lower on the MUFA diet compared with the SFA diet. A significant increase in both plasma phospholipid and neutral lipid oleic acid (P <.0001) occurred on the MUFA diet. CONCLUSIONS: Substitution of foods rich in saturated fat with foods rich in high-oleic-acid sunflower oil and margarine has favorable outcomes on blood lipids and factor VIIc. This oil presents another useful source of MUFA for diets aimed at prevention of heart disease.