Individual trans octadecenoic acids and partially hydrogenated vegetable oil differentially affect hepatic lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in golden Syrian hamsters.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to investigate the effects of two major trans 18:1 isomers (elaidic acid and vaccenic acid) from partially hydrogenated vegetable oil on plasma lipid biomarkers of coronary heart disease risk.
Results Summary
The PHVO diet increased plasma lipid ratios linked to CHD risk, while EA and VA treatments reduced these ratios, indicating improved CHD risk profiles. EA also inhibited liver lipid biosynthesis pathways, suggesting distinct metabolic effects compared to PHVO.
Population
Male Golden Syrian hamsters
Effective Dosage
2.5 g/100 g of diet
Duration
Not specified
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Trans fatty acids (TFA) from industrial sources [i.e. partially hydrogenated vegetable oil (PHVO)] | neutral | several chronic human diseases, especially coronary heart disease (CHD) | human | - | have been associated with | #1 |
PHVO diet | increase | the plasma ratios of total:HDL-cholesterol | Thirty-two male Golden Syrian hamsters | by 17% | increased | #2 |
PHVO diet | increase | the plasma ratios of nonHDL:HDL-cholesterol | Thirty-two male Golden Syrian hamsters | by 23% | increased | #3 |
EA treatment | decrease | the plasma ratios of total:HDL-cholesterol | Thirty-two male Golden Syrian hamsters | by 27% | decreased | #4 |
EA treatment | decrease | the plasma ratios of nonHDL:HDL-cholesterol | Thirty-two male Golden Syrian hamsters | by 46% | decreased | #5 |
VA treatment | decrease | the plasma ratios of total:HDL-cholesterol | Thirty-two male Golden Syrian hamsters | by 8% | decreased | #6 |
VA treatment | decrease | the plasma ratios of nonHDL:HDL-cholesterol | Thirty-two male Golden Syrian hamsters | by 14% | decreased | #7 |
EA diet | decrease | the content of (n-3) and (n-6) PUFA | Thirty-two male Golden Syrian hamsters | - | reduced | #8 |
Trans fatty acids (TFA) from industrial sources [i.e. partially hydrogenated vegetable oil (PHVO)] have been associated with several chronic human diseases, especially coronary heart disease (CHD). The possible contribution of individual TFA to overall CHD risk remains largely unknown. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of 2 major trans 18:1 isomers, trans-9 18:1 [elaidic acid (EA)] and trans-11 18:1 [vaccenic acid (VA)] on plasma lipid biomarkers of CHD risk. Thirty-two male Golden Syrian hamsters were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments: 1) control "Western" diet; 2) PHVO supplement; 3) EA supplement; and 4) VA supplement. Fat supplements were incorporated into the respective treatment diets at 2.5 g/100 g of diet. Compared with the control diet, the PHVO diet increased the plasma ratios of total:HDL-cholesterol and nonHDL:HDL-cholesterol by 17 and 23%, respectively. In contrast, these values decreased by 27 and 46% after the EA treatment and 8 and 14% after the VA treatment, respectively, indicating an improvement (reduction) in CHD risk. With regard to liver lipids, the EA diet reduced the content of (n-3) and (n-6) PUFA relative to the other treatments, suggesting an inhibition of enzymes common to the 2 biosynthesis pathways. Overall, results demonstrate that the hypercholesterolemic effects of PHVO are not dependent on the presence of EA or VA and that other bioactive components in PHVO must be responsible for its associated adverse health effects.