Gastrointestinal transit, post-prandial lipaemia and satiety following 3 days high-fat diet in men.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to determine whether a 3-day high-fat (HF) diet could alter gastrointestinal transit, blood lipids, and satiety.
Results Summary
The HF diet shortened mouth-to-caecum transit time (MCTT) and gastric emptying (GE), reduced triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol, and increased HDL cholesterol, but did not affect satiety.
Population
Eleven male volunteers.
Effective Dosage
Not specified (HF yogurt supplement used).
Duration
Three 3-day interventions.
Interactions
None mentioned.
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HF, high-energy diet of 3 days | decrease | mouth-to-caecum transit time (MCTT) | eleven male volunteers | - | shortest | #1 |
HF, high-energy diet of 3 days | decrease | gastric emptying (GE) | eleven male volunteers | - | shortest | #2 |
HF, high-energy diet of 3 days | no change | satiety | eleven male volunteers | - | no differences | #3 |
HF, high-energy diet of 3 days | decrease | triglycerides | eleven male volunteers | - | reduced | #4 |
HF, high-energy diet of 3 days | decrease | total cholesterol | eleven male volunteers | - | reduced | #5 |
HF, high-energy diet of 3 days | decrease | low-density lipoprotein cholesterol | eleven male volunteers | - | reduced | #6 |
HF, high-energy diet of 3 days | increase | high-density lipoprotein cholesterol | eleven male volunteers | - | increased | #7 |
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: High-fat (HF) diets of 2 weeks have been shown to accelerate gastric emptying (GE). To date, no studies have shown any alteration in GE following shorter HF diets. The aim of this study was to assess if an HF, high-energy diet of 3 days can adapt gastrointestinal (GI) transit, blood lipids and satiety. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Eleven male volunteers participated in a study consisting of three, 3-day interventions each separated by a test day. During the first intervention, volunteers recorded their diet. In the second and third interventions, volunteers repeated their food diary plus either a low-fat yogurt or HF yogurt supplement in randomized order. Test days involved measurement of GE using the (13)C octanoic-acid breath-test, mouth-to-caecum transit time (MCTT) using the inulin H(2) breath test and satiety using visual analogue scales. Blood samples for measurement of lipaemia were taken using a venous cannula. RESULTS: MCTT was different between the three test days (P=0.038), with the shortest MCTT following the HF intervention. GE was shortest following the HF intervention. There were no differences in satiety between the interventions. The HF intervention reduced triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. CONCLUSION: This study shows that changes in GI transit owing to an HF diet can occur in a time period as short as 3 days.