Barley intake induces bile acid excretion by reduced expression of intestinal ASBT and NPC1L1 in C57BL/6J mice.
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
high-fat diet containing barley (HFD-B) | decrease | Total cholesterol concentrations | six-week-old C57BL/6J mice | - | significantly reduced | #1 |
high-fat diet containing barley (HFD-B) | decrease | LDL cholesterol concentrations | six-week-old C57BL/6J mice | - | significantly reduced | #2 |
high-fat diet containing barley (HFD-B) | increase | fecal cholesterol | six-week-old C57BL/6J mice | - | increased | #3 |
high-fat diet containing barley (HFD-B) | increase | fecal bile acid | six-week-old C57BL/6J mice | - | increased | #4 |
high-fat diet containing barley (HFD-B) | increase | FXR expression | six-week-old C57BL/6J mice | - | revealed the induction of | #5 |
high-fat diet containing barley (HFD-B) | decrease | ASBT expression | six-week-old C57BL/6J mice | - | suppressed the expression of | #6 |
high-fat diet containing barley (HFD-B) | decrease | NPC1L1 expression | six-week-old C57BL/6J mice | - | suppressed the expression of | #7 |
high-fat diet containing barley (HFD-B) | decrease | HMG-CoA reductase expression | six-week-old C57BL/6J mice | - | significantly reduced | #8 |
high-fat diet containing barley (HFD-B) | no change | LDL receptor expression | six-week-old C57BL/6J mice | - | unaltered | #9 |
To investigate the hypocholesterolemic mechanism of barley in vivo, six-week-old C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or high-fat diet containing barley (HFD-B) for seven weeks. Total and LDL cholesterol concentrations were significantly reduced in the HFD-B group while fecal cholesterol and bile acid was increased. Real-time PCR and immunoblot analysis revealed the induction of FXR expression, which in turn suppressed the expression of ASBT and NPC1L1 in the HFD-B group compared with the controls. In the liver, the expression of HMG-CoA reductase was significantly reduced while LDL receptor expression was unaltered in the HFD-B group compared with the controls. Our data suggest that the hypocholesterolemic effects of barley are primarily the result of reduced dietary cholesterol uptake and bile acid resorption. Reduced expression of intestinal ASBT and NPC1L1 may play a key role in the regulation of dietary cholesterol and bile acid metabolism in mice consuming a diet containing barley.