The effects of DASH diet on weight loss and metabolic status in adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized clinical trial.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to determine the effects of the DASH diet, which includes low-fat dairy, on weight loss and metabolic status in overweight patients with NAFLD.
Results Summary
The DASH diet, rich in low-fat dairy, significantly improved weight, BMI, liver enzymes, insulin sensitivity, lipid profiles, and inflammatory/oxidative stress markers compared to the control diet.
Population
Overweight and obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Effective Dosage
Not specified (dietary pattern, not isolated dairy intake).
Duration
8 weeks.
Interactions
None mentioned.
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DASH eating pattern | decrease | weight | overweight and obese patients with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #1 |
DASH eating pattern | decrease | BMI | overweight and obese patients with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #2 |
DASH eating pattern | decrease | alanine aminotransferase (ALT) | overweight and obese patients with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #3 |
DASH eating pattern | decrease | alkalin phosphatase (ALP) | overweight and obese patients with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #4 |
DASH eating pattern | decrease | insulin levels | overweight and obese patients with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #5 |
DASH eating pattern | decrease | homoeostasis model of assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) | overweight and obese patients with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #6 |
DASH eating pattern | increase | quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) | overweight and obese patients with NAFLD | - | significantly increased | #7 |
DASH diet | decrease | serum triglycerides | overweight and obese patients with NAFLD | - | resulted in significant reductions | #8 |
DASH diet | decrease | total-/HDL-cholesterol ratio | overweight and obese patients with NAFLD | - | resulted in significant reductions | #9 |
DASH diet | decrease | serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) | overweight and obese patients with NAFLD | - | decreased concentrations | #10 |
DASH diet | decrease | malondialdehyde (MDA) | overweight and obese patients with NAFLD | - | decreased concentrations | #11 |
DASH diet | increase | nitric oxide (NO) | overweight and obese patients with NAFLD | - | increased levels | #12 |
DASH diet | increase | glutathione (GSH) | overweight and obese patients with NAFLD | - | increased levels | #13 |
BACKGROUND & AIMS: This study was designed to determine the effects of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on weight loss and metabolic status in overweight patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS: This randomized controlled clinical trial was done among 60 overweight and obese patients with NAFLD. Patients were randomly allocated to consume either the control (n = 30) or the DASH eating pattern (n = 30) for 8 weeks. Both diets were designed to be calorie-restricted. Both diets were consisted of 52-55% carbohydrates, 16-18% proteins and 30% total fats; however, the DASH diet was designed to be rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy products and low in saturated fats, cholesterol and refined grains. RESULTS: Adherence to the DASH eating pattern, compared to the control diet, weight (P = 0.006), BMI (P = 0.01), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (P = 0.02), alkalin phosphatase (ALP) (P = 0.001), insulin levels (P = 0.01), homoeostasis model of assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (P = 0.01) significantly decreased and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) (P = 0.004) significantly increased. Compared with the control diet, the DASH diet has resulted in significant reductions in serum triglycerides (P = 0.04) and total-/HDL-cholesterol ratio (P = 0.01). Finally, decreased concentrations of serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (P = 0.03), malondialdehyde (MDA) (P = 0.04), increased levels of nitric oxide (NO) (P = 0.01) and glutathione (GSH) (P = 0.009) were found in the DASH group compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Consumption of DASH diet for 8 weeks among patients with NAFLD had beneficial effects on weight, BMI, ALT, ALP, triglycerides, markers of insulin metabolism, inflammatory markers, GSH and MDA.