Therapeutic Breast Massage in Lactation for the Management of Engorgement, Plugged Ducts, and Mastitis.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of therapeutic breast massage in lactation (TBML) for managing engorgement, plugged ducts, and mastitis in breastfeeding women.
Results Summary
TBML significantly reduced breast and nipple pain immediately after treatment, with 65% of women reporting the massage very helpful at 12 weeks. Most women also found the techniques useful for home management of future episodes.
Population
Breastfeeding women presenting with engorgement, plugged ducts, or mastitis (n = 42 for TBML group; n = 73 for engorgement case-control).
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Immediate post-treatment effects assessed; follow-up surveys at 2 days, 2 weeks, and 12 weeks.
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
therapeutic breast massage in lactation (TBML) | decrease | breast pain | breastfeeding women presenting with engorgement, plugged ducts, or mastitis | 6.4 vs 2.8 | significant improvement | #1 |
therapeutic breast massage in lactation (TBML) | decrease | nipple pain | breastfeeding women presenting with engorgement, plugged ducts, or mastitis | 4.6 vs 2.8 | significant improvement | #2 |
therapeutic breast massage in lactation (TBML) | decrease | pain level | breastfeeding women presenting with engorgement, plugged ducts, or mastitis | - | immediate improvement | #3 |
therapeutic breast massage in lactation (TBML) | neutral | massage treatment | breastfeeding women presenting with engorgement, plugged ducts, or mastitis | 65% | found very helpful | #4 |
therapeutic breast massage in lactation (TBML) | neutral | home management of new episodes of mastitis or plugged duct | women with a new episode of mastitis or plugged duct during the study follow-up | - | found very helpful | #5 |
therapeutic breast massage in lactation (TBML) | decrease | acute breast pain associated with milk stasis | breastfeeding women | - | helpful for the reduction | #6 |
BACKGROUND: Many women in developed countries do not meet their breastfeeding goals and wean early because of breast pain. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to describe clinical response to therapeutic breast massage in lactation (TBML) in the management of engorgement, plugged ducts, and mastitis. METHODS: Breastfeeding women presenting with engorgement, plugged ducts, or mastitis who received TBML as part of their treatment were enrolled (n = 42). Data collected at the initial visit included demographic, history, and exam data pre-TBML and post-TBML. Email surveys sent 2 days, 2 weeks, and 12 weeks following the initial visit assessed pain and breastfeeding complications. A nested case control of engorged mothers (n = 73) was separately enrolled to compare engorgement severity. RESULTS: Reasons for the visit included engorgement (36%), plugged ducts (67%), and mastitis (29%). Cases, compared to controls, were significantly more likely to have severe engorgement (47% vs 7%, P < .001). Initial mean breast pain level among those receiving TBML was 6.4 out of 10. Following TBML, there was significant improvement in both breast (6.4 vs 2.8, P < .001) and nipple pain (4.6 vs 2.8, P = .013). All women reported immediate improvement in their pain level. At the 12-week survey, 65% found the massage treatment very helpful. The majority of the women with a new episode of mastitis or plugged duct during the study follow-up found the techniques learned during the office visit very helpful for home management of these episodes. CONCLUSION: In office, TBML is helpful for the reduction of acute breast pain associated with milk stasis. Mothers find TBML helpful both immediately in-office and for home management of future episodes.