Effect of polymorphisms in the CD36 and STAT3 genes on different dietary interventions among patients with coronary artery disease: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to investigate the interaction of genetics with cardiovascular risk factors in a non-Mediterranean population with coronary artery disease (CAD) under three different diets: pecan nuts, olive oil, or a control diet.
Results Summary
The study focuses on the potential benefits of diets rich in nuts and olive oil in a Brazilian population with CAD, examining changes in LDL-cholesterol and other biochemical markers. It also explores how genetic polymorphisms may modulate these effects.
Population
Brazilian individuals aged 40-80 years diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD).
Effective Dosage
Group 1: 30 g/day of pecan nuts; Group 2: 30 ml/day of olive oil; Group 3: control diet.
Duration
12 weeks
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mediterranean Diet (MeDiet) | decrease | cardiovascular risk factors | specific populations | - | may be strongly associated with the improvement | #1 |
diets rich in nuts and olive oil | neutral | - | Mediterranean population | - | beneficial effects | #2 |
30 g/day of pecan nuts | neutral | LDL-cholesterol (in mg/dl) | patients aged 40 to 80 years and diagnosed with CAD | - | changes | #3 |
30 ml/day of olive oil | neutral | LDL-cholesterol (in mg/dl) | patients aged 40 to 80 years and diagnosed with CAD | - | changes | #4 |
control diet | neutral | LDL-cholesterol (in mg/dl) | patients aged 40 to 80 years and diagnosed with CAD | - | changes | #5 |
nuts or olive oil supplementation | neutral | - | Brazilian individuals | - | effects | #6 |
different diets | neutral | biochemical and inflammatory markers | subjects | - | effects | #7 |
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease has become a major health problem, and it has been associated with both environmental and genetic factors. Studies have shown that the Mediterranean Diet (MeDiet), or its components such as nuts and olive oil, may be strongly associated with the improvement of cardiovascular risk factors in specific populations. The purpose of the GENUTRI study is to investigate the interaction of genetics with cardiovascular risk factors in a non-Mediterranean population with coronary artery disease (CAD) according to three different diets: rich in pecan nuts, in extra-virgin olive oil or a control diet. METHODS/DESIGN: The GENUTRI study is a single-center, randomized, open-label, parallel-group, 12-week pragmatic clinical trial conducted in patients aged 40 to 80 years and diagnosed with CAD. A standardized questionnaire will be applied to data collection and a blood sample will be obtained for lipid, glycemic and inflammatory profile evaluation. Polymorphisms in the CD36 and STAT3 genes will be detected using the TaqMan® SNP Genotyping Assay. Patients will be allocated in three groups: group 1: 30 g/day of pecan nuts; group 2: 30 ml/day of olive oil; and group 3: control diet. The primary outcome will consist of changes in LDL-cholesterol (in mg/dl) after 12 weeks of intervention. DISCUSSION: Studies have shown the beneficial effects of diets rich in nuts and olive oil mainly in the Mediterranean population. GENUTRI is a clinical trial focusing on the effects of nuts or olive oil supplementation in Brazilian individuals. Additionally, we will try to demonstrate that genetic polymorphisms linked to cardiovascular disease may modulate the effects of different diets on biochemical and inflammatory markers among these subjects. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02202265 (registered on 18 July 2014: first version).