Adiponectin Gene Variant rs266729 Interacts with Different Macronutrient Distribution of Two Different Hypocaloric Diets.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to analyze the effects of ADIPOQ gene polymorphism rs266729 on metabolic changes after two different amounts of dietary fat (high-fat vs. low-fat) in obese patients.
Results Summary
Weight loss was similar with both diets, but subjects with the CC genotype showed significant improvements in insulin levels, HOMA-IR, and adiponectin levels after both diets. The low-fat diet also improved lipid profile in noncarriers of allele G.
Population
283 obese patients
Effective Dosage
High-fat diet (38% fats), low-fat diet (27% fats)
Duration
3 months
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Diet HF (high-fat diet: 38% carbohydrates, 24% proteins, and 38% fats) | decrease | insulin levels | obese patients with CC genotype of ADIPOQ gene variant rs266729 | -3.3 ± 0.6 vs. -1.8 ± 0.9 mU/L | showed a significant improvement | #1 |
Diet HF (high-fat diet: 38% carbohydrates, 24% proteins, and 38% fats) | decrease | homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) | obese patients with CC genotype of ADIPOQ gene variant rs266729 | -1.3 ± 0.1 vs. -0.8 ± 0.2 units | showed a significant improvement | #2 |
Diet LF (low-fat diet: 53% carbohydrates, 20% proteins, and 27% fats) | decrease | total cholesterol levels | obese patients with CC genotype of ADIPOQ gene variant rs266729 | -15.3 ± 1.4 vs. -6.4 ± 1.3 mg/dL | showed a significant improvement | #3 |
Diet LF (low-fat diet: 53% carbohydrates, 20% proteins, and 27% fats) | decrease | LDL cholesterol | obese patients with CC genotype of ADIPOQ gene variant rs266729 | -14.6 ± 1.8 vs. -6.4 ± 1.3 mg/dL | showed a significant improvement | #4 |
Diet LF (low-fat diet: 53% carbohydrates, 20% proteins, and 27% fats) | decrease | insulin levels | obese patients with CC genotype of ADIPOQ gene variant rs266729 | -4.6 ± 1.0 vs. -1.6 ± 0.5 mU/L | showed a significant improvement | #5 |
Diet LF (low-fat diet: 53% carbohydrates, 20% proteins, and 27% fats) | decrease | homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) | obese patients with CC genotype of ADIPOQ gene variant rs266729 | -1.6 ± 0.1 vs. -1.0 ± 0.2 units | showed a significant improvement | #6 |
Diet HF (high-fat diet: 38% carbohydrates, 24% proteins, and 38% fats) | increase | adiponectin levels | obese patients with CC genotype of ADIPOQ gene variant rs266729 | 10.6 ± 2.0 vs. 1.8 ± 1.0 ng/dL | showed a significant increase | #7 |
Diet LF (low-fat diet: 53% carbohydrates, 20% proteins, and 27% fats) | increase | adiponectin levels | obese patients with CC genotype of ADIPOQ gene variant rs266729 | 16.1 ± 2.8 vs. 1.3 ± 1.0 ng/dL | showed a significant increase | #8 |
Diet LF (low-fat diet: 53% carbohydrates, 20% proteins, and 27% fats) | decrease | lipid profile | obese patients noncarriers of allele G of ADIPOQ gene variant rs266729 | - | produced a significant improvement | #9 |
Diet HF (high-fat diet: 38% carbohydrates, 24% proteins, and 38% fats) | no change | weight loss | obese patients in both genotypes (CC vs. CG+GG) of ADIPOQ gene variant rs266729 | - | was similar | #10 |
Diet LF (low-fat diet: 53% carbohydrates, 20% proteins, and 27% fats) | no change | weight loss | obese patients in both genotypes (CC vs. CG+GG) of ADIPOQ gene variant rs266729 | - | was similar | #11 |
BACKGROUND: The role of ADIPOQ gene variants in weight loss after different dietary fat amounts remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to analyze the effects of ADIPOQ gene polymorphism rs266729 on metabolic changes after two different amounts of dietary fat in two hypocaloric diets. DESIGN: A population of 283 obese patients was recruited in a randomized clinical trial with two diets: Diet HF (high-fat diet: 38% carbohydrates, 24% proteins, and 38% fats) versus Diet LF (low-fat diet: 53% carbohydrates, 20% proteins, and 27% fats). Before and after 3 months, an anthropometric evaluation, an assessment of nutritional intake, and a biochemical analysis were carried out. The variant of the ADIPOQgene was assessed by real-time PCR. RESULTS: Weight loss was similar with both diets in both genotypes (CC vs. CG+GG). After dietary intervention with Diet HF, only subjects with CC genotype showed a significant improvement in insulin levels (-3.3 ± 0.6 vs. -1.8 ± 0.9 mU/L; p = 0.03) and the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (-1.3 ± 0.1 vs. -0.8 ± 0.2 units; p = 0.02). After Diet LF, subjects with CC genotype showed a significant improvement in total cholesterol levels (CC vs. CG+GG) (-15.3 ± 1.4 vs. -6.4 ± 1.3 mg/dL; p = 0.01), LDL cholesterol (-14.6 ± 1.8 vs. -6.4 ± 1.3 mg/dL; p = 0.01), insulin levels (-4.6 ± 1.0 vs. -1.6 ± 0.5 mU/L; p = 0.01), and HOMA-IR (-1.6 ± 0.1 vs. -1.0 ± 0.2 units; p = 0.02). Only subjects with CC genotype showed a significant increase of adiponectin levels after both diets (CC vs. CG+GG): Diet HF (10.6 ± 2.0 vs. 1.8 ± 1.0 ng/dL; p = 0.01) and Diet LF (16.1 ± 2.8 vs. 1.3 ± 1.0 ng/dL: p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: CC genotype of ADIPOQgene variantrs266729 was associated with a better metabolic response after both diets. Additionally, Diet LF produced a significant improvement in lipid profile in noncarriers of allele G.