Effects of a ketogenic diet in overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to investigate the effects of a ketogenic diet (KD) on women of childbearing age diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Results Summary
The study found significant improvements in body weight, BMI, fat body mass, insulin sensitivity, lipid profiles, and hormonal balance after 12 weeks of a ketogenic Mediterranean diet. There were also notable reductions in testosterone levels and improvements in SHBG, estradiol, and progesterone levels.
Population
Overweight women of childbearing age diagnosed with PCOS (n=14).
Effective Dosage
Not specified (ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phyoextracts).
Duration
12 weeks.
Interactions
None mentioned.
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phyoextracts (KEMEPHY) | decrease | body weight | overweight women with diagnosis of PCOS | -9.43 kg | significant reduction | #1 |
ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phyoextracts (KEMEPHY) | decrease | BMI | overweight women with diagnosis of PCOS | -3.35 | significant reduction | #2 |
ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phyoextracts (KEMEPHY) | decrease | FBM | overweight women with diagnosis of PCOS | 8.29 kg | significant reduction | #3 |
ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phyoextracts (KEMEPHY) | decrease | VAT | overweight women with diagnosis of PCOS | - | significant reduction | #4 |
ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phyoextracts (KEMEPHY) | decrease | LBM | overweight women with diagnosis of PCOS | - | significant, slightly decrease | #5 |
ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phyoextracts (KEMEPHY) | decrease | glucose blood levels | overweight women with diagnosis of PCOS | - | significant decrease | #6 |
ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phyoextracts (KEMEPHY) | decrease | insulin blood levels | overweight women with diagnosis of PCOS | - | significant decrease | #7 |
ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phyoextracts (KEMEPHY) | decrease | HOMA-IR | overweight women with diagnosis of PCOS | - | significant improvement | #8 |
ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phyoextracts (KEMEPHY) | decrease | triglycerides | overweight women with diagnosis of PCOS | - | significant decrease | #9 |
ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phyoextracts (KEMEPHY) | decrease | total cholesterol | overweight women with diagnosis of PCOS | - | significant decrease | #10 |
ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phyoextracts (KEMEPHY) | decrease | LDL | overweight women with diagnosis of PCOS | - | significant decrease | #11 |
ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phyoextracts (KEMEPHY) | increase | HDL levels | overweight women with diagnosis of PCOS | - | rise | #12 |
ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phyoextracts (KEMEPHY) | decrease | LH/FSH ratio | overweight women with diagnosis of PCOS | - | significantly reduced | #13 |
ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phyoextracts (KEMEPHY) | decrease | LH | overweight women with diagnosis of PCOS | - | significantly reduced | #14 |
ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phyoextracts (KEMEPHY) | decrease | total testosterone | overweight women with diagnosis of PCOS | - | significantly reduced | #15 |
ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phyoextracts (KEMEPHY) | decrease | free testosterone | overweight women with diagnosis of PCOS | - | significantly reduced | #16 |
ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phyoextracts (KEMEPHY) | decrease | DHEAS blood levels | overweight women with diagnosis of PCOS | - | significantly reduced | #17 |
ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phyoextracts (KEMEPHY) | increase | estradiol | overweight women with diagnosis of PCOS | - | increased | #18 |
ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phyoextracts (KEMEPHY) | increase | progesterone | overweight women with diagnosis of PCOS | - | increased | #19 |
ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phyoextracts (KEMEPHY) | increase | SHBG | overweight women with diagnosis of PCOS | - | increased | #20 |
ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phyoextracts (KEMEPHY) | decrease | Ferriman Gallwey Score | overweight women with diagnosis of PCOS | - | slightly, although not significantly, reduced | #21 |
BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women during reproductive age. It is characterised clinically by oligo-ovulation or anovulation, hyper-androgenism, and the presence of polycystic ovaries. It is associated with an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The onset of PCOS has been associated to several hereditary and environmental factors, but insulin resistance plays a key pathogenetic role. We sought to investigate the effects of a ketogenic diet (KD) on women of childbearing age with a diagnosis of PCOS. METHODS: Fourteen overweight women with diagnosis of PCOS underwent to a ketogenic Mediterranean diet with phyoextracts (KEMEPHY) for 12 week. Changes in body weight, body mass index (BMI), fat body mass (FBM), lean body mass (LBM), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), insulin, glucose, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TGs), total and free testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH); dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAs), estradiol, progesterone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and Ferriman Gallwey score were evaluated. RESULTS: After 12 weeks, anthropometric and body composition measurements revealed a significant reduction of body weight (- 9.43 kg), BMI (- 3.35), FBM (8.29 kg) and VAT. There was a significant, slightly decrease of LBM. A significant decrease in glucose and insulin blood levels were observed, together with a significant improvement of HOMA-IR. A significant decrease of triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL were observed along with a rise in HDL levels. The LH/FSH ratio, LH total and free testosterone, and DHEAS blood levels were also significantly reduced. Estradiol, progesterone and SHBG increased. The Ferriman Gallwey Score was slightly, although not significantly, reduced. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that a KD may be considered as a valuable non pharmacological treatment for PCOS. Longer treatment periods should be tested to verify the effect of a KD on the dermatological aspects of PCOS. Trial registration Clinicaltrial.gov, NCT04163120, registrered 10 November 2019, retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov.