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Massage and heat application on labor pain and comfort: A quasi-randomized controlled experimental study.

Explore (New York, N.Y.)
January 1, 2021
Hülya Türkmen et al. (2 authors)
Journal ArticleRandomized Controlled TrialHuman StudyClinical
Study Details

Study Goal

The researchers aimed to determine the effects of sacral massage and heat application on labor pain perception and comfort levels in pregnant women.

Results Summary

The study found that both sacral massage and heat application significantly reduced labor pain perception compared to the control group, with heat application showing slightly better results. Additionally, heat application improved overall comfort levels more than massage or standard care.

Population

Primiparous pregnant women aged 17-35 with cervical dilation of 4-5 cm.

Effective Dosage

Sacral massage applied at 4-5 cm, 6-7 cm, and 8-9 cm cervical dilation (specific duration/frequency not detailed).

Duration

Intervention administered during active labor (cervical dilation from 4-5 cm to 8-9 cm).

Interactions

None mentioned

Extracted Claims (9)
InterventionDirectionEndpointPopulationDosageImpactClaim #
sacral heat application
decrease
mean pain score
primiparous pregnant women (cervix dilated to 4-5 cm)
4.56±0.67 vs 5.03±1.06 (MG) and 5.23±0.72 (CG)
significantly lower
#1
sacral heat application
decrease
mean pain score
primiparous pregnant women (cervix dilated to 6-7 cm)
6.80±0.7 vs 7.70±0.5 (CG)
significantly lower
#2
sacral massage
decrease
mean pain score
primiparous pregnant women (cervix dilated to 6-7 cm)
7.30±0.8 vs 7.70±0.5 (CG)
significantly lower
#3
sacral heat application
increase
mean CCQ total score
primiparous pregnant women (cervix dilated to 8-9 cm)
31.06±3.46 vs 27.66±3.85 (CG)
statistically significant difference
#4
sacral heat application
increase
mean CCQ physical comfort score
primiparous pregnant women (cervix dilated to 8-9 cm)
13.16±1.89 vs 11.03±1.80 (CG)
statistically significant difference
#5
sacral heat application
increase
mean CCQ relief comfort level score
primiparous pregnant women (cervix dilated to 8-9 cm)
11.23±1.43 vs 10.00±2.01 (CG)
statistically significant difference
#6
sacral heat application
increase
mean CCQ transcendence comfort level score
primiparous pregnant women (cervix dilated to 8-9 cm)
19.83±2.37 vs 17.66±2.15 (CG)
statistically significant difference
#7
heat application and massage
decrease
perception of pain
pregnant women
-
reduce
#8
heat application and massage
increase
comfort during labor
pregnant women
-
provide
#9
Abstract

AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of sacral massage and heat application on the perceptions of labor pain and comfort level in pregnant women. METHODS: This was a quasi-randomized controlled experimental study. The data were collected under three groups in 2016: the heat application group (HAG), the massage group (MG), and the control group (CG). Each group included 30 primiparous pregnant women (range of age: 17-35) whose cervix was dilated to 4-5 cm. At 4-5 cm, 6-7 cm, and 8-9 cm cervical dilation, sacral massage was applied to MG, and sacral heat application was applied to HAG. Each group received standard midwifery care during labor. The data were collected using the Childbirth Comfort Questionnaire (CCQ) and the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). The data were analyzed by using the Chi-square test, the Friedman test, Paired sample t-test, ANOVA, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and Wilcoxon signed-ranks test RESULTS: The mean pain score in HAG (4.56±0.67) during 4-5 cm of cervical dilation was significantly lower than those in MG (5.03±1.06) or CG (5.23±0.72) (p < 0.05). The mean pain scores in HAG (6.80±0.7) and MG (7.30±0.8) during 6-7 cm of cervical dilation were significantly lower than that in CG (7.70±0.5) (p < 0.001). Moreover, a statistically significant difference was found between the mean CCQ total scores (HAG: 31.06±3.46, CG: 27.66±3.85, p < 0.05), mean CCQ physical comfort scores (HAG: 13.16±1.89, CG: 11.03±1.80, p < 0.001), mean CCQ relief comfort level score (HAG: 11.23±1.43, CG: 10.00±2.01, p < 0.05) and mean CCQ transcendence comfort level scores (HAG: 19.83±2.37, CG: 17.66±2.15, p < 0.05) and both HAG and CG during 8-9 cm of cervical dilation. CONCLUSIONS: Heat application and massage can be used as a safe and effective midwifery intervention to reduce the perception of pain in pregnant women and provide comfort during labor.

Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
AdolescentAdultFemaleHot TemperatureHumansLabor PainLabor, ObstetricMassagePain ManagementPregnancyYoung Adult
Study Links
Quality Scores
SafetyNot Assessed
Efficacy85/10
Quality75/10
Citation Metrics
Total Citations9
Citations/Year2.3
Relative Citation Ratio1.71
NIH Percentile69.6%
Research Impact Scores
APT Score0.75
Weight Score2.36
Normalized Score0.69
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