The Impact of Low Advanced Glycation End Products Diet on Metabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to assess the effect of dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on metabolic syndrome risk factors in adults.
Results Summary
The meta-analysis found that a low-AGEs diet significantly reduced insulin resistance, fasting insulin, total cholesterol, and LDL compared to a high-AGEs diet, but showed no effect on other metabolic syndrome components.
Population
Adults, particularly patients with diabetes.
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Not specified
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
diet with a low AGEs content | decrease | insulin resistance | adults | weighted mean difference (WMD): -1.204; 95% CI: -2.057, -0.358; P = 0.006 | significant reduction | #1 |
diet with a low AGEs content | decrease | fasting insulin | adults | WMD: -5.472 μU/mL; 95% CI: -9.718, -1.234 μU/mL; P = 0.011 | significant reduction | #2 |
diet with a low AGEs content | decrease | total cholesterol | adults | WMD: -5.486 mg/dL; 95% CI: -10.222, -0.747 mg/dL; P = 0.023 | significant reduction | #3 |
diet with a low AGEs content | decrease | LDL | adults | WMD: -6.263 mg/dL; 95% CI: -11.659, -0.866 mg/dL; P = 0.023 | significant reduction | #4 |
diet with a low AGEs content | no change | the other components of the metabolic syndrome | adults | no significant change | no changes | #5 |
diet low in AGEs | decrease | metabolic syndrome risk factors | patients with diabetes | - | decrease the burden | #6 |
Several randomized clinical trials have investigated the effect of dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on metabolic syndrome risk factors in adults. However, the results of these studies were conflicting. Therefore, our aim was to assess the effect of dietary AGEs on metabolic syndrome risk factors. We searched the PubMed-MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane Databases, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Embase databases for papers published up to October 2019 that investigated the effect of dietary AGEs on metabolic syndrome risk factors. From the eligible trials, 13 articles were selected for inclusion in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was determined by I2 statistics and Cochrane Q test. Pooled results from the random-effects model showed a significant reduction for insulin resistance [weighted mean difference (WMD): -1.204; 95% CI: -2.057, -0.358; P = 0.006], fasting insulin (WMD: -5.472 μU/mL; 95% CI: -9.718, -1.234 μU/mL; P = 0.011), total cholesterol (WMD: -5.486 mg/dL; 95% CI: -10.222, -0.747 mg/dL; P = 0.023), and LDL (WMD: -6.263 mg/dL; 95% CI: -11.659, -0.866 mg/dL; P = 0.023) in the low-AGEs groups compared with the high-AGEs groups. There were no changes in the other components of the metabolic syndrome. The results of this review suggest that a diet with a low AGEs content has beneficial effects on insulin resistance, fasting insulin, total cholesterol, and LDL. Moreover, following a diet low in AGEs may be a helpful strategy to decrease the burden of metabolic syndrome risk factors in adults and particularly in patients with diabetes.