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Cardiometabolic Changes in Response to a Calorie-Restricted DASH Diet in Obese Older Adults.

Frontiers in nutrition
May 5, 2021
Cydne A Perry et al. (4 authors)
Journal ArticleHuman Study
Study Details

Study Goal

The researchers aimed to examine the effects of a calorie-restricted DASH-like diet on cardiometabolic health indicators in sedentary obese older adults, comparing different lean beef intake amounts.

Results Summary

The study found that the DASH-like diet improved multiple cardiometabolic biomarkers (e.g., reduced cholesterol, LDL-C, glucose, and inflammatory markers) regardless of beef intake amount, with correlations between body composition changes and biomarker improvements.

Population

Sedentary, obese older adults (mean age 70.8 years, BMI 32 ± 6.9 kg/m²) from a rural community, including both females (n = 17) and males (n = 11).

Effective Dosage

3 oz (85 g) or 6 oz (170.1 g) of lean fresh beef daily within a standardized calorie-restricted DASH-like diet.

Duration

12 weeks

Interactions

None mentioned

Extracted Claims (21)
InterventionDirectionEndpointPopulationDosageImpactClaim #
calorie-restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet
no change
biomarkers of cardiometabolic health
sedentary obese older adults
p > 0.05
no differences
#1
calorie-restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet
neutral
all biomarkers
sedentary obese older adults
-
changed concentration
#2
calorie-restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet
decrease
Total cholesterol
sedentary obese older adults
p < 0.001
decreased
#3
calorie-restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet
decrease
LDL-C
sedentary obese older adults
p = 0.004
decreased
#4
calorie-restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet
decrease
HDL-C
sedentary obese older adults
p < 0.0001
decreased
#5
calorie-restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet
decrease
insulin
sedentary obese older adults
p = 0.014
decreased
#6
calorie-restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet
decrease
glucose
sedentary obese older adults
p = 0.008
decreased
#7
calorie-restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet
decrease
HOMA-IR
sedentary obese older adults
p < 0.05
decreased
#8
calorie-restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet
decrease
IL-12
sedentary obese older adults
p < 0.001
decreased
#9
calorie-restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet
decrease
CRP
sedentary obese older adults
p = 0.006
decreased
#10
calorie-restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet
increase
IGF-1
sedentary obese older adults
p < 0.001
increased
#11
calorie-restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet
increase
IL-8
sedentary obese older adults
p = 0.005
increased
#12
calorie-restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet
decrease
insulin
sedentary obese older adults
R 2 = 0.22; P = 0.012
decrease was positively correlated
#13
calorie-restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet
decrease
HOMA-IR
sedentary obese older adults
R 2 = 0.22; P = 0.01
decrease was positively correlated
#14
calorie-restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet
increase
IGF-1
sedentary obese older adults
R 2 = 0.21; p = 0.014
increase was significantly correlated
#15
calorie-restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet
increase
IGF-1
sedentary obese older adults
R 2 = 0.21; p = 0.016
increase was significantly correlated
#16
calorie-restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet
increase
IL-8
sedentary obese older adults
R 2 = 0.24; P = 0.008
increase was significantly correlated
#17
calorie-restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet
increase
IL-8
sedentary obese older adults
R 2 = 0.17; P = 0.031
increase was significantly correlated
#18
calorie-restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet
increase
IL-8
sedentary obese older adults
R 2 = 0.44; P = 0.0001
increase was significantly correlated
#19
DASH-like diet with restricted calories
neutral
biomarkers of cardiometabolic health
sedentary obese older adults
-
may potentially improve
#20
DASH-like diet with restricted calories
neutral
cardiometabolic biomarkers
older adults with an obese phenotype
-
positive impacts were observed
#21
Abstract

Objective: To examine the response of a calorie-restricted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet on indicators of cardiometabolic health in a cohort of sedentary obese older adults. Design: This was a controlled-feeding trial with a parallel design. Each participant consumed either 3 oz (85 g; n = 15) or 6 oz (170.1 g; n = 13) of lean fresh beef within a standardized calorie-restricted DASH-like diet for 12-weeks. Fasted blood samples were collected and used to measure conventional biomarkers of cardiovascular, metabolic and inflammatory health. Participants: Caucasian older (70.8 years), obese (BMI: 32 ± 6.9 kg/m2; WC: 101 ± 16.4 cm) females (n = 17) and males (n = 11) from the rural community of Brookings, South Dakota. Results: 28 participants completed the 12-week feeding trial, with no differences (p > 0.05) among the biomarkers of cardiometabolic health between the 3 and 6 oz beef intake groups. However, when the beef intake groups were combined, all biomarkers changed concentration in response to the intervention diet. Total cholesterol (p < 0.001), LDL-C (p = 0.004), HDL-C (p < 0.0001), insulin (p = 0.014), glucose (p = 0.008), HOMA-IR (p < 0.05), IL-12 (p < 0.001), and CRP (p = 0.006) all decreased in response to the study diet. IGF-1 (p < 0.001) and IL-8 (p = 0.005) increased in response to the intervention. Correlations among cardiometabolic biomarkers and body composition measures were observed. By study end, the decrease in insulin (R 2 = 0.22; P = 0.012) and HOMA-IR (R 2 = 0.22; P = 0.01) was positively correlated with the decrease in waist circumference. The increase in IGF-1 was significantly correlated with the decrease in waist circumference (R 2 = 0.21; p = 0.014). The increase in IGF-1 was significantly correlated with the increase in sit-to-stand (R 2 = 0.21; p = 0.016). The increase in IL-8 was significantly correlated with decreases in total cholesterol (R 2 = 0.24; P = 0.008), LDL-C (R 2 = 0.17; P = 0.031) and glucose (R 2 = 0.44; P = 0.0001). Conclusions: These findings suggest that a DASH-like diet with restricted calories may potentially improve biomarkers of cardiometabolic health in sedentary obese older adults. These results also point to interrelationships between body composition changes and changes in cardiometabolic biomarkers. Lastly, regardless of meat intake amount, positive impacts on cardiometabolic biomarkers were observed in this cohort of older adults with an obese phenotype.

Study Links
Quality Scores
SafetyNot Assessed
Efficacy85/10
Quality75/10
Citation Metrics
Total Citations9
Citations/Year2.3
Relative Citation Ratio0.87
NIH Percentile44.9%
Research Impact Scores
APT Score0.75
Weight Score1.18
Normalized Score0.69