Feasibility, Acceptability, and Efficacy of Mindfulness Training in People With Upper Motor Neuron Disorders: A Systematic Review.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on depression, anxiety, fatigue, and health-related quality of life in individuals with upper motor neuron disorders (UMNDs).
Results Summary
MBIs were found to be feasible and acceptable, with high participant satisfaction and notable improvements in depression, anxiety, fatigue, and quality of life. Greater relative improvements were observed compared to controls, particularly against passive controls.
Population
Adults with upper motor neuron disorders (multiple sclerosis, brain injury including stroke, spinal cord injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis).
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Average of 8±2 weeks
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) | decrease | depression | individuals with upper motor neuron disorders (UMNDs) | - | greater relative improvement | #1 |
mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) | decrease | anxiety | individuals with upper motor neuron disorders (UMNDs) | - | greater relative improvement | #2 |
mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) | decrease | fatigue | individuals with upper motor neuron disorders (UMNDs) | - | greater relative improvement | #3 |
mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) | increase | health-related quality of life | individuals with upper motor neuron disorders (UMNDs) | - | greater relative improvement | #4 |
mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) | decrease | depression | individuals with UMNDs | - | notable improvements | #5 |
mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) | decrease | anxiety | individuals with UMNDs | - | notable improvements | #6 |
mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) | decrease | fatigue | individuals with UMNDs | - | notable improvements | #7 |
mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) | increase | quality of life | individuals with UMNDs | - | notable improvements | #8 |
mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) | neutral | - | individuals with UMNDs | - | feasible | #9 |
mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) | neutral | - | participants | - | high acceptance rate | #10 |
OBJECTIVES: This systematic review aims to gain a comprehensive understanding of the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on depression, anxiety, fatigue, and health-related quality of life among individuals with upper motor neuron disorders (UMNDs). DATA SOURCES: PubMed, PsycINFO, Excerpta Medica Database, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature were searched for relevant studies published between January 2001 and June 2021. STUDY SELECTION: Clinical trials published in English evaluating MBIs in adults with the 4 most common UMNDs (multiple sclerosis, brain injury including stroke, spinal cord injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) were included. DATA EXTRACTION: Two reviewers independently performed the risk of bias assessment using standardized tools and extracted desired data electronically. DATA SYNTHESIS: A total of 44 studies were included: 26 randomized controlled trials, 10 nonrandomized controlled trials, and 8 pre-post intervention studies. The average ± SD duration of MBIs was 8±2 weeks. On average, 85%±14% of participants completed the MBI, and the retention rate at follow-up was 80%±16%. Only 14% of the studies delivered MBIs virtually, and feasibility metrics were similar to in-person studies. Among studies reporting acceptability data, most participants reported satisfaction with the MBI. Randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effects of MBI on depression, anxiety, fatigue, and quality of life revealed greater relative improvement in these outcomes among MBI participants compared with controls, with differences greater when compared with passive control than active control participants. None of the studies included in this review studied dose response. CONCLUSIONS: Based on current data, MBIs are feasible and offer a promising approach to address the biopsychosocial needs of individuals with UMNDs. MBIs are associated with a high acceptance rate among participants, with notable improvements in depression, anxiety, fatigue, and quality of life post intervention. Future studies are needed to evaluate alternate models of delivery of MBIs and the dose-response relationship.