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Workplace interventions to improve well-being and reduce burnout for nurses, physicians and allied healthcare professionals: a systematic review.

BMJ open
January 1, 1970
Catherine Cohen et al. (5 authors)
Systematic ReviewJournal ArticleHuman Study
Study Details

Study Goal

The researchers aimed to synthesize evidence on the impact of interventions, including mindfulness, on well-being and burnout in healthcare workers.

Results Summary

Mindfulness-based practices were effective in improving well-being, work engagement, quality of life, and resilience, while reducing burnout, perceived stress, anxiety, and depression in healthcare workers.

Population

Physicians, nurses, and allied healthcare professionals.

Effective Dosage

Not specified

Duration

Not specified

Interactions

None mentioned

Extracted Claims (80)
InterventionDirectionEndpointPopulationDosageImpactClaim #
Mindfulness-based practices
increase
well-being
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#1
Mindfulness-based practices
increase
work engagement
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#2
Mindfulness-based practices
increase
quality of life
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#3
Mindfulness-based practices
increase
resilience
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#4
Mindfulness-based practices
decrease
burnout
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#5
Mindfulness-based practices
decrease
perceived stress
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#6
Mindfulness-based practices
decrease
anxiety
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#7
Mindfulness-based practices
decrease
depression
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#8
meditation
increase
well-being
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#9
meditation
increase
work engagement
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#10
meditation
increase
quality of life
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#11
meditation
increase
resilience
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#12
meditation
decrease
burnout
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#13
meditation
decrease
perceived stress
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#14
meditation
decrease
anxiety
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#15
meditation
decrease
depression
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#16
yoga
increase
well-being
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#17
yoga
increase
work engagement
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#18
yoga
increase
quality of life
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#19
yoga
increase
resilience
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#20
yoga
decrease
burnout
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#21
yoga
decrease
perceived stress
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#22
yoga
decrease
anxiety
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#23
yoga
decrease
depression
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#24
acupuncture
increase
well-being
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#25
acupuncture
increase
work engagement
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#26
acupuncture
increase
quality of life
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#27
acupuncture
increase
resilience
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#28
acupuncture
decrease
burnout
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#29
acupuncture
decrease
perceived stress
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#30
acupuncture
decrease
anxiety
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#31
acupuncture
decrease
depression
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#32
gratitude journaling
increase
well-being
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#33
gratitude journaling
increase
work engagement
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#34
gratitude journaling
increase
quality of life
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#35
gratitude journaling
increase
resilience
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#36
gratitude journaling
decrease
burnout
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#37
gratitude journaling
decrease
perceived stress
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#38
gratitude journaling
decrease
anxiety
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#39
gratitude journaling
decrease
depression
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#40
choirs
increase
well-being
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#41
choirs
increase
work engagement
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#42
choirs
increase
quality of life
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#43
choirs
increase
resilience
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#44
choirs
decrease
burnout
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#45
choirs
decrease
perceived stress
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#46
choirs
decrease
anxiety
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#47
choirs
decrease
depression
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#48
coaching
increase
well-being
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#49
coaching
increase
work engagement
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#50
coaching
increase
quality of life
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#51
coaching
increase
resilience
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#52
coaching
decrease
burnout
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#53
coaching
decrease
perceived stress
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#54
coaching
decrease
anxiety
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#55
coaching
decrease
depression
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#56
workload reduction
increase
well-being
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#57
workload reduction
increase
work engagement
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#58
workload reduction
increase
quality of life
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#59
workload reduction
increase
resilience
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#60
workload reduction
decrease
burnout
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#61
workload reduction
decrease
perceived stress
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#62
workload reduction
decrease
anxiety
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#63
workload reduction
decrease
depression
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#64
job crafting
increase
well-being
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#65
job crafting
increase
work engagement
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#66
job crafting
increase
quality of life
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#67
job crafting
increase
resilience
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#68
job crafting
decrease
burnout
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#69
job crafting
decrease
perceived stress
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#70
job crafting
decrease
anxiety
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#71
job crafting
decrease
depression
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#72
peer networks
increase
well-being
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#73
peer networks
increase
work engagement
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#74
peer networks
increase
quality of life
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#75
peer networks
increase
resilience
healthcare workers
-
significant improvements
#76
peer networks
decrease
burnout
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#77
peer networks
decrease
perceived stress
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#78
peer networks
decrease
anxiety
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#79
peer networks
decrease
depression
healthcare workers
-
reductions
#80
Abstract

UNLABELLED: There is a growing need for interventions to improve well-being in healthcare workers, particularly since the onset of COVID-19. OBJECTIVES: To synthesise evidence since 2015 on the impact of interventions designed to address well-being and burnout in physicians, nurses and allied healthcare professionals. DESIGN: Systematic literature review. DATA SOURCES: Medline, Embase, Emcare, CINAHL, PsycInfo and Google Scholar were searched in May-October 2022. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES: Studies that primarily investigated burnout and/or well-being and reported quantifiable preintervention and postintervention outcomes using validated well-being measures were included. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Full-text articles in English were independently screened and quality assessed by two researchers using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument. Results were synthesised and presented in both quantitative and narrative formats. Meta-analysis was not possible due to variations in study designs and outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 1663 articles were screened for eligibility, with 33 meeting inclusion criterium. Thirty studies used individually focused interventions, while three were organisationally focused. Thirty-one studies used secondary level interventions (managed stress in individuals) and two were primary level (eliminated stress causes). Mindfulness-based practices were adopted in 20 studies; the remainder used meditation, yoga and acupuncture. Other interventions promoted a positive mindset (gratitude journaling, choirs, coaching) while organisational interventions centred on workload reduction, job crafting and peer networks. Effective outcomes were reported in 29 studies, with significant improvements in well-being, work engagement, quality of life and resilience, and reductions in burnout, perceived stress, anxiety and depression. CONCLUSION: The review found that interventions benefitted healthcare workers by increasing well-being, engagement and resilience, and reducing burnout. It is noted that the outcomes of numerous studies were impacted by design limitations that is, no control/waitlist control, and/or no post intervention follow-up. Suggestions are made for future research.

Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
HumansQuality of LifeCOVID-19Health PersonnelPhysiciansWorkplaceBurnout, PsychologicalDelivery of Health CareNurses
Study Links
Quality Scores
SafetyNot Assessed
Efficacy85/10
Quality75/10
Citation Metrics
Total Citations105
Citations/Year52.5
Relative Citation Ratio40.46
NIH Percentile99.9%
Research Impact Scores
APT Score0.95
Weight Score1.88
Normalized Score0.69
Related Supplements
Workplace interventions to improve well-being and reduce bur... | Panacea Index