Comparing effects of beetroot juice and Mediterranean diet on liver enzymes and sonographic appearance in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized control trials.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to compare the effects of beetroot juice and the Mediterranean diet on lipid profile, liver enzymes, and liver sonography in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Results Summary
The study found that beetroot juice, both alone and combined with the Mediterranean diet, significantly reduced hepatic steatosis and improved lipid profiles and liver enzyme levels in NAFLD patients. The combination of beetroot juice with the Mediterranean diet showed enhanced efficacy compared to either intervention alone.
Population
180 participants with NAFLD, aged 19-73 years (mean age 45.19 ± 14.94), mean weight 82.46 ± 5.97 kg before intervention.
Effective Dosage
250 mg of beetroot juice.
Duration
12 weeks.
Interactions
None mentioned.
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mediterranean diet with beet juice (BJ + MeD) | decrease | Serum Bilirubin | people with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #1 |
Mediterranean diet with beet juice (BJ + MeD) | decrease | alkaline phosphatase (ALP) | people with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #2 |
Mediterranean diet with beet juice (BJ + MeD) | decrease | alanine transaminase (ALT) | people with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #3 |
Mediterranean diet with beet juice (BJ + MeD) | decrease | serum cholesterol (CHOL) | people with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #4 |
Mediterranean diet with beet juice (BJ + MeD) | decrease | triglyceride (TG) | people with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #5 |
Mediterranean diet with beet juice (BJ + MeD) | decrease | low-density lipoprotein (LDL) | people with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #6 |
Mediterranean diet with beet juice (BJ + MeD) | increase | high-density lipoprotein (HDL) | people with NAFLD | - | significantly increased | #7 |
beetroot juice (BJ) | decrease | Serum Bilirubin | people with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #8 |
beetroot juice (BJ) | decrease | alkaline phosphatase (ALP) | people with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #9 |
beetroot juice (BJ) | decrease | alanine transaminase (ALT) | people with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #10 |
beetroot juice (BJ) | decrease | serum cholesterol (CHOL) | people with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #11 |
beetroot juice (BJ) | decrease | triglyceride (TG) | people with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #12 |
beetroot juice (BJ) | decrease | low-density lipoprotein (LDL) | people with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #13 |
beetroot juice (BJ) | increase | high-density lipoprotein (HDL) | people with NAFLD | - | significantly increased | #14 |
Mediterranean diet alone (MeD) | decrease | Serum Bilirubin | people with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #15 |
Mediterranean diet alone (MeD) | decrease | alkaline phosphatase (ALP) | people with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #16 |
Mediterranean diet alone (MeD) | decrease | alanine transaminase (ALT) | people with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #17 |
Mediterranean diet alone (MeD) | decrease | serum cholesterol (CHOL) | people with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #18 |
Mediterranean diet alone (MeD) | decrease | triglyceride (TG) | people with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #19 |
Mediterranean diet alone (MeD) | decrease | low-density lipoprotein (LDL) | people with NAFLD | - | significantly decreased | #20 |
Mediterranean diet alone (MeD) | increase | high-density lipoprotein (HDL) | people with NAFLD | - | significantly increased | #21 |
Control | decrease | high-density lipoprotein (HDL) | people with NAFLD | - | decreasing | #22 |
beetroot juice (BJ) | decrease | hepatic steatosis | adults with NAFLD | - | significant reduction | #23 |
beetroot juice combined with the Mediterranean diet (BJ + MeD) | decrease | hepatic steatosis | adults with NAFLD | - | significant reduction | #24 |
BACKGROUND: In both developed and developing countries, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has lately risen to the top of the list of chronic liver illnesses. Although there is no permanent cure, early management, diagnosis, and treatment might lessen its effects. The purpose of conducting the current study is to compare the effects of beetroot juice and the Mediterranean diet on the lipid profile, level of liver enzymes, and liver sonography in patients with NAFLD. METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 180 people with a mean age of (45.19 ± 14.94) years participated. Participants ranged in age from 19 to 73. The mean weight before intervention was (82.46 ± 5.97) kg, while the mean weight after intervention was roughly (77.88 ± 6.26) kg. The trial lasted for 12 weeks. The participants were split into four groups: control, a Mediterranean diet with beet juice (BJ + MeD), Mediterranean diet alone (MeD), and beetroot juice (BJ). The Mediterranean diet included fruits, vegetables, fish, poultry, and other lean meats (without skin), sources of omega-3 fatty acids, nuts, and legumes. Beetroot juice had 250 mg of beetroot. Data analysis was done using SPSS software (version 26.0). p < 0.05 is the statistical significance level. RESULTS: Following the intervention, Serum Bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT), serum cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were significantly decreased in the BJ + MeD, BJ, and MeD groups (p = 0.001). Also, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) significantly increased in the BJ + MeD, BJ, and MeD groups (p = 0.001), while decreasing in the Control group (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION: The research findings indicate a significant reduction in hepatic steatosis among the groups receiving beetroot juice (BJ) and beetroot juice combined with the Mediterranean diet (BJ + MeD). This suggests that beetroot juice holds potential as an effective treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adults. Furthermore, the combination of beetroot juice with the Mediterranean diet showed enhanced efficacy in addressing NAFLD.Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT05909631.