Effect of caffeine-chitosan nanoparticles and α-lipoic acid on the cardiovascular changes induced in rat model of obesity.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to determine the therapeutic efficacy of alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) and caffeine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (Caf-CNs) against cardiovascular complications induced by obesity in rats.
Results Summary
Treatment with α-LA and/or Caf-CNs improved biochemical and histopathological alterations caused by obesity, demonstrating antilipemic, anti-atherogenic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects.
Population
High-fat diet-induced obese rats.
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Not specified
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
high fat diet (HFD) | increase | Triglycerides (TG) | obese rats | - | significantly increased | #1 |
high fat diet (HFD) | increase | total cholesterol (TC) | obese rats | - | significantly increased | #2 |
high fat diet (HFD) | increase | low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) | obese rats | - | significantly increased | #3 |
high fat diet (HFD) | increase | very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) | obese rats | - | significantly increased | #4 |
high fat diet (HFD) | increase | Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) | obese rats | - | significantly increased | #5 |
high fat diet (HFD) | increase | tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) | obese rats | - | significantly increased | #6 |
high fat diet (HFD) | increase | activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) | obese rats | - | significantly increased | #7 |
high fat diet (HFD) | increase | creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) | obese rats | - | significantly increased | #8 |
high fat diet (HFD) | increase | plasma atherogenic index | obese rats | - | showed a significant increase | #9 |
high fat diet (HFD) | increase | atherogenic coefficient | obese rats | - | showed a significant increase | #10 |
high fat diet (HFD) | increase | Castelli's risk indices I | obese rats | - | showed a significant increase | #11 |
high fat diet (HFD) | increase | Castelli's risk indices II | obese rats | - | showed a significant increase | #12 |
high fat diet (HFD) | increase | levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) | obese rats | - | significantly elevated | #13 |
high fat diet (HFD) | increase | levels of nitric oxide (NO) | obese rats | - | significantly elevated | #14 |
high fat diet (HFD) | increase | activity of monoamine oxidase (MAO) | obese rats | - | significantly elevated | #15 |
high fat diet (HFD) | decrease | cardiac Na+/K+-ATPase activity | obese rats | - | significantly reduced | #16 |
high fat diet (HFD) | decrease | acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity | obese rats | - | significantly reduced | #17 |
high fat diet (HFD) | decrease | reduced glutathione (GSH) | obese rats | - | significantly reduced | #18 |
high fat diet (HFD) | decrease | serotonin (5-HT) | obese rats | - | significantly reduced | #19 |
high fat diet (HFD) | decrease | norepinephrine (NE) | obese rats | - | significantly reduced | #20 |
high fat diet (HFD) | decrease | dopamine (DA) | obese rats | - | significantly reduced | #21 |
high fat diet (HFD) | decrease | serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) | obese rats | - | significantly reduced | #22 |
alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) and/or caffeine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (Caf-CNs) | decrease | almost all the biochemical and histopathological alterations caused by obesity | obese rats | - | ameliorated | #23 |
alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) and/or caffeine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (Caf-CNs) | decrease | cardiac complications caused by obesity | obese rats | - | may be an effective therapeutic approach | #24 |
The current research aims to study the therapeutic efficacy of alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) and caffeine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (Caf-CNs) against cardiovascular complications induced by obesity. Rats were divided randomly into: control, high fat diet (HFD) induced obesity rat model, obese rats treated with α-LA and/or Caf-CNs. Triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) as well as activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) significantly increased in the serum of obese rats. In addition, plasma atherogenic index, atherogenic coefficient and Castelli's risk indices I and II showed a significant increase. Additionally, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) and activity of monoamine oxidase (MAO) were significantly elevated in heart tissues of obese rats. However, cardiac Na+/K+-ATPase and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activities and reduced glutathione (GSH), serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) as well as serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were significantly reduced in obese rats. Treatment with α-LA and/or Caf-CNs ameliorated almost all the biochemical and histopathological alterations caused by obesity. In conclusion, the present data revealed that α-LA and/or Caf-CNs may be an effective therapeutic approach against cardiac complications caused by obesity through their antilipemic, anti-atherogenic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities.