Effect of Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation (Dairy vs. Pharmacological) on Bone Health of Underprivileged Indian Children and Youth with Type-1 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin-D supplementation with milk or pharmacological calcium on bone mass accrual in underprivileged Indian children and youth with type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).
Results Summary
Supplementation with milk or pharmacological calcium (+vitamin D3) improved bone outcomes, particularly bone geometry, in children with T1DM, with a more pronounced effect in girls. Pharmacological calcium may be more cost-effective for optimizing bone health in resource-limited settings.
Population
Underprivileged Indian children and youth (5 to 23 years old) with type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).
Effective Dosage
Group A received 200 ml milk + 1000 IU vitamin-D3/day; Group B received 500 mg calcium carbonate + 1000 IU vitamin-D3/day.
Duration
12 months
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1-year supplementation of vitamin-D with milk | increase | bone outcomes-particularly geometry | children and youth with T1DM | - | improved | #1 |
1-year supplementation of vitamin-D with milk | increase | bone outcomes-particularly geometry | girls with T1DM | - | more pronounced effect | #2 |
pharmacological calcium (+vitaminD3) | increase | bone outcomes-particularly geometry | children and youth with T1DM | - | improved | #3 |
pharmacological calcium (+vitaminD3) | increase | bone outcomes-particularly geometry | girls with T1DM | - | more pronounced effect | #4 |
pharmacological calcium (+vitaminD3) | neutral | bone health | T1DM in resource limited settings | - | may be more cost effective | #5 |
BACKGROUND: Bone health is affected by chronic childhood disorders including type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). We conducted this randomized controlled trial with the objective of investigating the effect of 1-year supplementation of vitamin-D with milk or with pharmacological calcium on bone mass accrual in underprivileged Indian children and youth with T1DM. METHODS: 5 to 23year old (n = 203) underprivileged children and youth with T1DM were allocated to one of three groups: Milk (group A-received 200 ml milk + 1000 international unit (IU) vitamin-D3/day), Calcium supplement (group B-received 500 mg of calcium carbonate + 1000 IU of vitamin-D3/day) or standard of care/control (group C). Anthropometry, clinical details, biochemistry, diet (3-day 24-h recall), physical activity (questionnaires adapted for Indian children) and bone health parameters (using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and peripheral quantitative computed tomography- DXA and pQCT respectively) were evaluated at enrolment and end of 12 month intervention. RESULTS: Total body less head(TBLH) bone mineral content (BMC(g)) and bone mineral density (BMD(gm/cm CONCLUSION: Supplementation with milk or pharmacological calcium (+vitaminD3) improved bone outcomes-particularly geometry in children with T1DM with more pronounced effect in girls. Pharmacological calcium may be more cost effective in optimising bone health in T1DM in resource limited settings.