Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Mental Health and Psychological Quality of Life among University Students: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to evaluate the effects of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on psychosomatic stress-related outcomes and quality of life among university students through a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Results Summary
MBSR significantly reduced anxiety, depression, and perceived stress while improving mindfulness, self-kindness, and physical health. No significant effects were observed for sleep quality, social function, or subjective well-being.
Population
University students
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Not specified
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) | decrease | anxiety | university students | SMD = -0.29; 95% CI: -0.49 to -0.09 | had significant effects, reducing | #1 |
mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) | decrease | depression | university students | SMD = -0.32; 95% CI: -0.62 to -0.02 | had significant effects, reducing | #2 |
mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) | decrease | perceived stress | university students | SMD = -0.41; 95% CI: -0.60 to -0.29 | had significant effects, reducing | #3 |
mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) | increase | mindfulness | university students | SMD = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.59 | improving | #4 |
mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) | increase | self-kindness | university students | SMD = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.30 to 1.12 | improving | #5 |
mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) | increase | physical health | university students | SMD = -0.59; 95% CI: -1.14 to -0.04 | improving | #6 |
mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) | no change | sleep quality | university students | SMD = -0.20; 95% CI: -0.06 to 0.20 | No significant differences were observed in | #7 |
mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) | no change | social function | university students | SMD = -0.71; 95% CI: -2.40 to 0.97 | No significant differences were observed in | #8 |
mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) | no change | subjective well-being | university students | SMD = 0.07; 95% CI: -0.18 to 0.32 | No significant differences were observed in | #9 |
BACKGROUND: Psychological distress is a progressive health problem that has been linked to decreased quality of life among university students. This meta-analysis reviews existing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that have examined the effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on the relief of psychosomatic stress-related outcomes and quality of life among university students. METHODS: The PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsycINFO (formerly PsychLit), Ovid MEDLINE, ERIC, Scopus, Google Scholar, ProQuest, and Cochrane Library databases were searched in November 2023 to identify the RCTs for analysis. Data on pathology (anxiety, depression, and perceived stress), physical capacity (sleep quality and physical health), and well-being (mindfulness, self-kindness, social function, and subjective well-being) were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 276 articles retrieved, 29 met the inclusion criteria. Compared with control therapies, the pooled results suggested that MBSR had significant effects, reducing anxiety (SMD = -0.29; 95% CI: -0.49 to -0.09), depression (SMD = -0.32; 95% CI: -0.62 to -0.02), and perceived stress (SMD = -0.41; 95% CI: -0.60 to -0.29) and improving mindfulness (SMD = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.59), self-kindness (SMD = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.30 to 1.12), and physical health (SMD = -0.59; 95% CI: -1.14 to -0.04). No significant differences were observed in sleep quality (SMD = -0.20; 95% CI: -0.06 to 0.20), social function (SMD = -0.71; 95% CI: -2.40 to 0.97), or subjective well-being (SMD = 0.07; 95% CI: -0.18 to 0.32). The quality of the evidence regarding sleep quality and physical health outcomes was low. CONCLUSIONS: MBSR therapy appears to be potentially useful in relieving functional emotional disorders. However, additional evidence-based large-sample trials are required to definitively determine the forms of mindfulness-based therapy that may be effective in this context and ensure that the benefits obtained are ongoing. Future studies should investigate more personalized approaches involving interventions that are tailored to various barriers and students' clinical characteristics. To optimize the effects of such interventions, they should be developed and evaluated using various designs such as the multiphase optimization strategy, which allows for the identification and tailoring of the most valuable intervention components.