The effect of dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet on fatty liver and cardiovascular risk factors in subjects with metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to investigate the effect of the DASH diet on fatty liver and cardiovascular risk factors in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS).
Results Summary
The DASH diet significantly improved fatty liver indices (FLI, HSI), cardiovascular risk factors (WC, weight, BMI, blood pressure, lipids), and metabolic parameters compared to the control diet, with most results remaining significant after adjustment.
Population
60 subjects with metabolic syndrome (30 in intervention, 29 in control).
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Not specified
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DASH diet | decrease | fatty liver index (FLI) | subjects with MetS | -13.06 ± 10.03 vs. -2.90 ± 6.82 | significant reduction | #1 |
DASH diet | decrease | hepatic steatosis index (HSI) | subjects with MetS | -2.72 ± 2.59 vs. -0.81 ± 3.80 | significant reduction | #2 |
DASH diet | decrease | waist circumference (WC) | subjects with MetS | -6.02 ± 4.24 vs. -2.24 ± 4.28 | significant reduction | #3 |
DASH diet | decrease | weight | subjects with MetS | -3.39 ± 2.53 vs. -1.51 ± 2.72 | significant reduction | #4 |
DASH diet | decrease | body mass index (BMI) | subjects with MetS | -1.25 ± 0.93 vs. -0.56 ± 1.01 | significant reduction | #5 |
DASH diet | decrease | diastolic blood pressure (DBP) | subjects with MetS | -5.16 ± 3.92 vs. -1.50 ± 7.04 | significant reduction | #6 |
DASH diet | decrease | systolic blood pressure (SBP) | subjects with MetS | -6.97 ± 8.21 vs. -1.36 ± 6.83 | significant reduction | #7 |
DASH diet | decrease | triglyceride (TG) | subjects with MetS | -18.50 ± 14.32 vs. 0.60 ± 23.81 | significant reduction | #8 |
DASH diet | decrease | total cholesterol (TC) | subjects with MetS | -16.10 ± 17.94 vs. -5.07 ± 23.62 | significant reduction | #9 |
DASH diet | decrease | low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) | subjects with MetS | -13.50 ± 9.58 vs. -4.90 ± 18.28 | significant reduction | #10 |
DASH diet | decrease | fatty liver | subjects with MetS | - | more effective | #11 |
DASH diet | decrease | cardiovascular risk factors | subjects with MetS | - | more effective | #12 |
BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) as a multifactorial disorder is associated with non-communicable diseases. The dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet is a healthy dietary pattern. We investigated the effect of the DASH diet on fatty liver and cardiovascular risk factors in subjects with MetS. METHODS: 60 Subjects with MetS were assigned into the intervention group (DASH diet) or the control group (a healthy diet). Fatty liver index (FLI), hepatic steatosis index (HSI), waist circumference (WC), weight, body mass index (BMI), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) were evaluated at the beginning and after intervention. Equations of fatty liver indices such as FLI and HSI are based on liver enzymes, anthropometric variables, sex and having diabetes. RESULTS: 30 subjects in the intervention group and 29 subjects in the control group completed the study. We found a significant reduction in the intervention group compared to the control group in FLI (-13.06 ± 10.03 vs. -2.90 ± 6.82;P < 0.001), HSI (-2.72 ± 2.59 vs. -0.81 ± 3.80;P = 0.02), WC (-6.02 ± 4.24 vs. -2.24 ± 4.28;P = 0.001), weight (-3.39 ± 2.53 vs. -1.51 ± 2.72;P = 0.008), BMI (-1.25 ± 0.93 vs. -0.56 ± 1.01;P = 0.008), DBP (-5.16 ± 3.92 vs. -1.50 ± 7.04;P = 0.01), SBP (-6.97 ± 8.21 vs. -1.36 ± 6.83;P = 0.006), TG (-18.50 ± 14.32 vs. 0.60 ± 23.81;P < 0.001), TC (-16.10 ± 17.94 vs. -5.07 ± 23.62;P = 0.04) and LDL-c (-13.50 ± 9.58 vs. -4.90 ± 18.28;P = 0.02). These results remained significant after adjusting for confounding factors, except for TC (P = 0.25). CONCLUSIONS: The DASH diet was more effective than the control diet in managing fatty liver and cardiovascular risk factors. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial was registered on 21 October 2022 at Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20180201038585N12, URL: https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/trial/66161 ).