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Modifiable Risk Factors for Breast Cancer: Insights From Systematic Reviews.

Public health nursing (Boston, Mass.)
January 1, 2025
Xuehua Li et al. (6 authors)
Journal ArticleSystematic ReviewReviewHuman Study
Study Details

Study Goal

The researchers aimed to identify reversible risk factors for breast cancer, including the impact of a high-fat diet, to inform early intervention strategies.

Results Summary

The study found that a high-fat diet is linked to a higher risk of breast cancer, alongside other factors like low dietary fiber intake, alcohol consumption, smoking, and obesity. However, the methodological and evidence quality of the reviewed studies was generally low.

Population

Not specified (review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses).

Effective Dosage

Not mentioned

Duration

Not mentioned

Interactions

None mentioned

Extracted Claims (7)
InterventionDirectionEndpointPopulationDosageImpactClaim #
a high-fat diet
increase
breast cancer risk
-
-
are linked to a higher risk
#1
low intake of dietary fiber
increase
breast cancer risk
-
-
are linked to a higher risk
#2
alcohol consumption
increase
breast cancer risk
-
-
are linked to a higher risk
#3
smoking
increase
breast cancer risk
-
-
are linked to a higher risk
#4
obesity
increase
breast cancer risk
-
-
are linked to a higher risk
#5
physical activity
decrease
breast cancer risk
-
-
appear to lower
#6
breastfeeding
decrease
breast cancer risk
-
-
appear to lower
#7
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a comprehensive review of reversible factors associated with breast cancer, with the aim of offering insights for the creation of early intervention strategies for breast cancer prevention. METHODS: The PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases were systematically searched to collect systematic reviews and meta-analyses related to breast cancer risk. Searches were limited to literature published from the inception of each database up to May 1, 2024. Two investigators independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality and evidence synthesis of the studies included in our review. RESULTS: We included 31 systematic reviews in our analysis, and breast cancer risk factors were divided into four categories: diet and lifestyle habits, reproductive and familial factors, body weight and physical activity, and environmental and miscellaneous factors. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that a high-fat diet, low intake of dietary fiber, alcohol consumption, smoking, and obesity are linked to a higher risk of breast cancer. Conversely, physical activity and breastfeeding appear to lower breast cancer risk. However, the methodological and evidence quality of the reviewed studies was generally low, necessitating caution in the application of these findings. Additionally, there is a need for more research into lifestyle interventions to better develop and advocate for effective breast cancer prevention strategies.

Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
HumansBreast NeoplasmsRisk FactorsFemaleLife StyleSystematic Reviews as TopicExerciseDiet
Study Links
Quality Scores
SafetyNot Assessed
Efficacy30/10
Quality65/10
Citation Metrics
Total Citations2
Citations/Year2.0
Research Impact Scores
APT Score0.75
Weight Score2.55
Normalized Score0.45
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