Comparison of Metabolic and Hormonal Profiles between Low-Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) and Standard AGEs-Containing Weight-Loss Diets in Overweight Phenotype-A PCOS Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to determine whether a low-AGEs diet compared to a standard AGEs diet would improve metabolic and hormonal profiles in overweight phenotype-A PCOS patients during weight loss.
Results Summary
The study found that a low-AGEs diet led to significantly greater improvements in fasting glucose, waist-to-hip ratio, LDL-cholesterol, TNF-α, testosterone levels, and other hormonal markers compared to a standard AGEs diet, despite similar weight loss in both groups. Limitations include a relatively small sample size and some participant dropouts.
Population
44 overweight phenotype-A PCOS patients aged 19-35 (Rotterdam criteria).
Effective Dosage
Not specified (energy-restricted diets with standard vs. low AGE content).
Duration
12 weeks.
Interactions
None mentioned.
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
energy-restricted Low-AGEs diet | decrease | weight | Rotterdam phenotype-A PCOS patients | -8.4 [-10.3 to -5.8] kg | similar weight loss was observed | #1 |
energy-restricted Standard-AGEs diet | decrease | weight | Rotterdam phenotype-A PCOS patients | -5.2 [-8.8 to -4.6] kg | similar weight loss was observed | #2 |
energy-restricted Low-AGEs diet | decrease | fasting glucose levels | Rotterdam phenotype-A PCOS patients | -8.5 [-11.5 to -3.5] mmol/L | fasting glucose levels decreased significantly more | #3 |
energy-restricted Standard-AGEs diet | decrease | fasting glucose levels | Rotterdam phenotype-A PCOS patients | -0.5 [-3.7 to 0.7] mmol/L | fasting glucose levels decreased | #4 |
energy-restricted Low-AGEs diet | decrease | waist-to-hip circumference ratio | Rotterdam phenotype-A PCOS patients | - | waist-to-hip circumference ratio significantly decreased | #5 |
energy-restricted Low-AGEs diet | decrease | LDL-cholesterol | Rotterdam phenotype-A PCOS patients | - | LDL-cholesterol significantly decreased | #6 |
energy-restricted Low-AGEs diet | decrease | TNF-α | Rotterdam phenotype-A PCOS patients | - | TNF-α significantly decreased | #7 |
energy-restricted Low-AGEs diet | decrease | total testosterone (TT) | Rotterdam phenotype-A PCOS patients | - | total testosterone (TT) significantly decreased | #8 |
energy-restricted Low-AGEs diet | decrease | free-androgen index (FAI) | Rotterdam phenotype-A PCOS patients | - | free-androgen index (FAI) significantly decreased | #9 |
energy-restricted Low-AGEs diet | decrease | anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels | Rotterdam phenotype-A PCOS patients | - | anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels significantly decreased | #10 |
energy-restricted Low-AGEs diet | increase | sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels | Rotterdam phenotype-A PCOS patients | - | sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels increased | #11 |
energy-restricted Standard-AGEs diet | no change | waist-to-hip circumference ratio, LDL-cholesterol, TNF-α, total testosterone (TT), free-androgen index (FAI), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels | Rotterdam phenotype-A PCOS patients | - | no statistically significant change | #12 |
reducing dietary AGEs intake | increase | metabolic and hormonal profiles | phenotype-A PCOS patients | - | resulted in significantly greater improvements | #13 |
This study aims to investigate the effects of a low-advanced glycation end products(AGEs) diet versus a standard AGE-containing weight-loss diet on metabolic and hormonal profiles of overweight phenotype-A polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) patients.A randomized controlled interventional study.A total of 44 Rotterdam phenotype-A PCOS patients aged 19-35 were enrolled between January 2022 and May 2023. They were randomly assigned to 12-weeks of an energy-restricted Standard-AGEs diet(S-AGEs) or an energy-restricted Low-AGEs diet(L-AGEs). At baseline and after 12-weeks of intervention, weight loss, oligo-amenorrhea, hormonal profiles, plasma lipid profiles, and inflammation markers were evaluated. During the intervention, 8 participants from the L-AGEs group and 6 from the S-AGEs group dropped out. Completers had similar baseline characteristics to dropouts. In the per-protocol analysis, similar weight loss was observed in the L-AGEs(n = 14) and S-AGEs(n = 16) groups compared to baseline weight [-8.4 [-10.3 to -5.8] vs. -5.2 [-8.8 to -4.6] kg, respectively, p = 0.183]. However, in the L-AGEs group, fasting glucose levels decreased significantly more compared to the S-AGEs group (-8.5 [-11.5 to -3.5] vs. -0.5 [-3.7 to 0.7] mmol/L, respectively, p = 0.027). Following the diet intervention in the L-AGEs group, the waist-to-hip circumference ratio, LDL-cholesterol, TNF-α, total testosterone (TT), free-androgen index (FAI), and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels significantly decreased compared to baseline levels, while sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels increased. In contrast, there was no statistically significant change in these parameters in the S-AGEs group.In addition to weight-loss, reducing dietary AGEs intake resulted in significantly greater improvements in metabolic and hormonal profiles among phenotype-A PCOS patients. Clinicaltrials.gov registration no. NCT05830487.