Electroconvulsive Therapy, Ketamine, and Esketamine in a Patient with Major Depressive Disorder and Multiple Comorbidities: A Case Report over 10-year Treatment from Adolescence to Adulthood.
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to evaluate the effects of ketamine treatments (infusion, intranasal spray, and esketamine) on a patient with treatment-resistant depression and multiple comorbid disorders over a long-term period.
Results Summary
The patient experienced short-term benefits from ketamine infusion and electroconvulsive therapy but achieved two-year stability periods with compounded ketamine intranasal spray and esketamine, suggesting ketamine treatments may help complex TRD cases at different life stages.
Population
A single patient with treatment-resistant depression, generalized anxiety disorder, eating disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and borderline personality disorder.
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
Over two years for compounded ketamine intranasal spray and esketamine.
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) | decrease | treatment-resistant depression | patient with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and comorbid generalized anxiety disorder, eating disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and borderline personality disorder | - | had some short-term benefit | #1 |
ketamine infusion (KET-IFU) | decrease | treatment-resistant depression | patient with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and comorbid generalized anxiety disorder, eating disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and borderline personality disorder | - | had some short-term benefit | #2 |
compounded ketamine intranasal spray (COM-KET) | decrease | treatment-resistant depression | patient with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and comorbid generalized anxiety disorder, eating disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and borderline personality disorder | two-years | had two-years stability | #3 |
intranasal esketamine (ESK) | decrease | treatment-resistant depression | patient with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and comorbid generalized anxiety disorder, eating disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and borderline personality disorder | two-years | had two-years stability | #4 |
intranasal esketamine (ESK) | decrease | treatment-resistant depression | patient with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and comorbid generalized anxiety disorder, eating disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and borderline personality disorder | more than two years | has been relatively stable without hospitalization or suicide attempt | #5 |
ketamine treatment | decrease | treatment-resistant depression | patients with TRD with complex representations | - | may benefit | #6 |
In this case report, we present a patient with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and comorbid generalized anxiety disorder, eating disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and borderline personality disorder. Over a 10-year period, our case transitioned from adolescence to adulthood and received antidepressant monotherapy, adjunctive therapy with antipsychotics, lithium, or lamotrigine, several series of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), ketamine infusion (KET-IFU), compounded ketamine intranasal spray (COM-KET), and intranasal esketamine (ESK). She had seventeen documented hospitalizations, five self-reported hospitalizations, three intensive outpatient program treatments, two partial hospitalization program treatments, and three residential treatments. She attempted suicide seven times. She received five acute ECT series, one series of KET-IFU, one series of acute ESK with weekly ECT, a series of COM-KET treatment for more than two years, and a series of ESK for more than two years. The patient had some short-term benefit from ECT and KET-IFU. However, she had two-years stability with COM-KET or ESK at two different times. She has been relatively stable without hospitalization or suicide attempt with ESK for more than two years, suggesting that patients with TRD with complex representations may benefit from ketamine treatment at different times of life development.