Effect on mortality and reinfarction of adding fruits and vegetables to a prudent diet in the Indian experiment of infarct survival (IEIS).
Study Goal
The researchers aimed to determine whether adding antioxidant-rich foods to a prudent diet could reduce cardiac endpoints and mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Results Summary
The study found that patients consuming antioxidant-rich foods alongside a prudent diet had significantly fewer cardiac endpoints and lower mortality compared to controls. Benefits included reduced lactate dehydrogenase levels, improved blood lipids, glucose, and blood pressure, though long-term confirmation was suggested as necessary.
Population
406 patients (204 in intervention, 202 in control) with acute myocardial infarction.
Effective Dosage
Not specified
Duration
12 weeks
Interactions
None mentioned
| Intervention | Direction | Endpoint | Population | Dosage | Impact | Claim # |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
antioxidant-rich foods as adjuncts to a prudent diet | decrease | cardiac end points | patients with acute myocardial infarction (group A) | 37 vs 58 | significant decrease | #1 |
antioxidant-rich foods as adjuncts to a prudent diet | decrease | cardiac end points | 108 patients with greater adherence to the intervention program (subset of group A) | 14 vs 58 | greater reduction | #2 |
antioxidant-rich foods as adjuncts to a prudent diet | decrease | total mortality | 108 patients with greater adherence to the intervention program (subset of group A) | 6 vs 28 | significant decrease | #3 |
antioxidant-rich foods as adjuncts to a prudent diet | decrease | cardiac mortality | 108 patients with greater adherence to the intervention program (subset of group A) | 6 vs 25 | significant decrease | #4 |
antioxidant-rich foods | increase | lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cardiac enzyme | patients with acute myocardial infarction (group A) | 427.8 vs 561.6 IU/dL | significantly smaller rise | #5 |
antioxidant-rich foods as adjuncts to a prudent diet | decrease | blood lipids | patients with acute myocardial infarction (group A) | - | significant decrease | #6 |
antioxidant-rich foods as adjuncts to a prudent diet | decrease | high-density lipoprotein cholesterol | patients with acute myocardial infarction (group A) | - | lower decrease | #7 |
The effects of antioxidant-rich foods as adjuncts to a prudent diet were compared for 12 weeks in a randomized, single-blind and controlled trial in 204 (group A) and 202 (group B) patients with acute myocardial infarction. There was a significant decrease in cardiac end points in group A compared to group B (37 vs 58, p < 0.01) after 12 weeks. Within intervention group A, those 108 patients with greater adherence to the intervention program showed a greater reduction in cardiac end points (14 vs 58, p < 0.001), and a significant decrease in total mortality (6 vs 28, p < 0.001), including cardiac mortality (6 vs 25, p < 0.01) compared to group B. Underlying these beneficial effects, antioxidant-rich foods caused a significantly smaller rise in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cardiac enzyme in group A than in group B (427.8 vs 561.6 IU/dL), indicating that the protective influence of such a diet may be observed within 1 week. The subset of group A patients showing reduction in mortality also had a lesser rise in LDH and greater reduction in blood lipids, blood glucose and blood pressures. Antioxidant-rich foods also caused a significant decrease in blood lipids with a lower decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in group A than in group B. Assay of serum level of antioxidants and long-term follow-up may confirm our observations.