preoperative oral melatonin medication Increases - was significantly better postoperative sleep quality Human
patients undergoing elective prostatectomy 6 mg melatonin the night before and 1 hour before surgery. Effects of preoperative oral melatonin medication on postoperative analgesia, sleep quality, and sedation in patients undergoing elective prostatectomy: a randomized clinical trial. SR melatonin Decreases - resulted in statistically significant decreases in sleep latency Human
prepubertal, developmentally normal children aged 6-11 years with epilepsy 9-mg sustained-release melatonin, administered once daily. Melatonin improves sleep in children with epilepsy: a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. melatonin Decreases - decreased REM sleep duration Human
prepubertal, developmentally normal children aged 6-11 years with epilepsy 9-mg sustained-release melatonin, administered once daily. Melatonin improves sleep in children with epilepsy: a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. melatonin Decreases - decreased sleep latency Human
prepubertal, developmentally normal children aged 6-11 years with epilepsy 9-mg sustained-release melatonin, administered once daily. Melatonin improves sleep in children with epilepsy: a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. melatonin Increases - increased slow-wave sleep duration Human
prepubertal, developmentally normal children aged 6-11 years with epilepsy 9-mg sustained-release melatonin, administered once daily. Melatonin improves sleep in children with epilepsy: a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. melatonin Decreases - decreased wakefulness after sleep onset (WASO) Human
prepubertal, developmentally normal children aged 6-11 years with epilepsy 9-mg sustained-release melatonin, administered once daily. Melatonin improves sleep in children with epilepsy: a randomized, double-blind, crossover study. melatonin 10 mg per day Increases - Significant improvements sleep Human
the patient 10 mg per day Short-Lasting Unilateral Neuralgiform Headache with Conjunctival Injection and Tearing Secondary to Head and Neck Trauma: Literature Review and Case Report. melatonin supplements Increases - recommend sleep Human
— Not specified Integrative Approaches to Caring for Children with Autism. melatonin administration Increases - beneficial effect circadian components of the sleep-wake cycle Human
athletes 100 mg/day, 30 minutes before bedtime The benefits of four weeks of melatonin treatment on circadian patterns in resistance-trained athletes. melatonin administration Increases - improving sleep efficiency Human
athletes 100 mg/day, 30 minutes before bedtime The benefits of four weeks of melatonin treatment on circadian patterns in resistance-trained athletes. melatonin administration No effect - Treatment options include delayed and advanced sleep-wake phase disorders Human
— Not specified Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Phase Disorders. melatonin administration Increases - improves sleep measures Human
clinically stable CF patients 3 mg melatonin daily. Melatonin improves sleep and reduces nitrite in the exhaled breath condensate in cystic fibrosis--a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study. melatonin Increases - improved sleep efficiency Human
patients with CF 3 mg melatonin daily. Melatonin improves sleep and reduces nitrite in the exhaled breath condensate in cystic fibrosis--a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study. melatonin Increases - tended to improve sleep latency Human
patients with CF 3 mg melatonin daily. Melatonin improves sleep and reduces nitrite in the exhaled breath condensate in cystic fibrosis--a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study. melatonin administration Decreases - gradually reduces sleep onset latency Human
patients with insomnia and healthy volunteers Up to 4 mg/day Optimizing the Time and Dose of Melatonin as a Sleep-Promoting Drug: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis. melatonin administration No effect - significant predictors of sleep onset latency Human
— Up to 4 mg/day Optimizing the Time and Dose of Melatonin as a Sleep-Promoting Drug: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis. melatonin administration No effect - significant predictors of sleep onset latency Human
— Up to 4 mg/day Optimizing the Time and Dose of Melatonin as a Sleep-Promoting Drug: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis. melatonin administration Increases - peaking at sleep onset latency and total sleep time Human
— Up to 4 mg/day Optimizing the Time and Dose of Melatonin as a Sleep-Promoting Drug: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis. melatonin administration Increases - increases total sleep time Human
patients with insomnia and healthy volunteers Up to 4 mg/day Optimizing the Time and Dose of Melatonin as a Sleep-Promoting Drug: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis. melatonin administration No effect - significant predictor of total sleep time Human
— Up to 4 mg/day Optimizing the Time and Dose of Melatonin as a Sleep-Promoting Drug: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis. melatonin administration Increases - associated with improved sleep parameters Human
ASD Not specified Melatonin in autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. melatonin treatment Increases - improvements sleep duration Human
ASD Not specified Melatonin in autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. melatonin treatment Increases - significant improvements sleep duration Human
children with ASD Not specified Melatonin in autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. melatonin treatment Increases - significant improvements sleep duration Human
children with ASD Not specified Melatonin in autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. melatonin treatment Decreases - improvements sleep onset latency Human
ASD Not specified Melatonin in autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. melatonin treatment Decreases - significant improvements sleep onset latency Human
children with ASD Not specified Melatonin in autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. melatonin treatment Decreases - significant improvements sleep onset latency Human
children with ASD Not specified Melatonin in autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. melatonin 6 mg daily Increases - significant improvement was observed sleep duration Human
IBS patients with sleep disorders 6 mg daily (3 mg fasting and 3 mg at bedtime). The effect of melatonin on irritable bowel syndrome patients with and without sleep disorders: a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial study. melatonin 6 mg daily Increases - significant improvement was observed sleep efficiency Human
IBS patients with sleep disorders 6 mg daily (3 mg fasting and 3 mg at bedtime). The effect of melatonin on irritable bowel syndrome patients with and without sleep disorders: a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial study. melatonin 6 mg daily Decreases - significant improvement was observed sleep latency Human
IBS patients with sleep disorders 6 mg daily (3 mg fasting and 3 mg at bedtime). The effect of melatonin on irritable bowel syndrome patients with and without sleep disorders: a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial study. melatonin 6 mg daily No effect - there was no significant improvement sleep parameters Human
IBS patients without sleep disorders 6 mg daily (3 mg fasting and 3 mg at bedtime). The effect of melatonin on irritable bowel syndrome patients with and without sleep disorders: a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial study. melatonin 6 mg daily Increases - significant improvement was observed subjective sleep quality Human
IBS patients with sleep disorders 6 mg daily (3 mg fasting and 3 mg at bedtime). The effect of melatonin on irritable bowel syndrome patients with and without sleep disorders: a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial study. exogenous melatonin supplement No effect - was not associated with significantly better improvement sleep quality Human
IBS patients — The efficacy of exogenous melatonin supplement in ameliorating irritable bowel syndrome severity: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. higher dose (25 mg) melatonin Decreases - target sleep disturbance Human
older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) 25 mg oral melatonin nightly. Feasibility of 3-month melatonin supplementation for brain oxidative stress and sleep in mild cognitive impairment: protocol for a randomised, placebo-controlled study. melatonin No effect - effect on sleep Human
individuals with MCI 25 mg oral melatonin nightly. Feasibility of 3-month melatonin supplementation for brain oxidative stress and sleep in mild cognitive impairment: protocol for a randomised, placebo-controlled study. immediate-release sublingual spray (IR form) melatonin No effect - suitable for the treatment of certain sleep disorders such as sleep onset delay and transient nocturnal awakenings sleep disorders Human
— 1.9 mg (PR tablet) or 1 mg (IR spray) Bioavailability of Melatonin after Administration of an Oral Prolonged-Release Tablet and an Immediate-Release Sublingual Spray in Healthy Male Volunteers. consumption of milk and sour cherries, sources of melatonin Increases - may improve sleep quality Human
humans Not specified Influence of Dietary Sources of Melatonin on Sleep Quality: A Review. food sources of melatonin No effect - potential suitability as adjuvants prevention and treatment of sleep disorders Human
— Not specified Influence of Dietary Sources of Melatonin on Sleep Quality: A Review. once daily oral administration of melatonin 4 mg No effect sleep quality Human
critically ill patients 4 mg once daily. Study protocol for a prospective randomised double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial investigating a Better Outcome with Melatonin compared to Placebo Administered to normalize sleep-wake cycle and treat hypoactive ICU Delirium: the Basel BOMP-AID study. oral melatonin supplementation Increases - improves sleep quality Human
patients with hypertension — Controlled-release oral melatonin supplementation for hypertension and nocturnal hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis. melatonin prolonged release (PR) 2 mg 1-2 h before bedtime Increases - was associated with significant improvements relative to placebo in many sleep and daytime parameters, including sleep quality and latency, morning alertness and health-related quality of life Human
patients with primary insomnia aged ≥55 years 2 mg, 1-2 hours before bedtime. Melatonin prolonged release: in the treatment of insomnia in patients aged ≥55 years. melatonin 20 mg No effect - found to be nonsignificant ESAS sleep Human
patients with breast cancer undergoing RT 20 mg orally, starting the night before radiotherapy initiation until 2 weeks post-radiotherapy. Melatonin Supplementation for Cancer-Related Fatigue in Patients With Early Stage Breast Cancer Receiving Radiotherapy: A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial. melatonin No effect - secondary outcomes included change actigraphy sleep duration Human
Youth (8-18 years of age) with PPCS and significant sleep-related problems (SRPs) at 4-6 weeks post-injury 3 mg and 10 mg melatonin. Efficacy of Melatonin for Sleep Disturbance in Children with Persistent Post-Concussion Symptoms: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. melatonin No effect - secondary outcomes included change actigraphy sleep efficiency Human
Youth (8-18 years of age) with PPCS and significant sleep-related problems (SRPs) at 4-6 weeks post-injury 3 mg and 10 mg melatonin. Efficacy of Melatonin for Sleep Disturbance in Children with Persistent Post-Concussion Symptoms: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. melatonin No effect - secondary outcomes included change actigraphy sleep onset latency Human
Youth (8-18 years of age) with PPCS and significant sleep-related problems (SRPs) at 4-6 weeks post-injury 3 mg and 10 mg melatonin. Efficacy of Melatonin for Sleep Disturbance in Children with Persistent Post-Concussion Symptoms: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. melatonin No effect - secondary outcomes included change actigraphy wake-after-sleep-onset Human
Youth (8-18 years of age) with PPCS and significant sleep-related problems (SRPs) at 4-6 weeks post-injury 3 mg and 10 mg melatonin. Efficacy of Melatonin for Sleep Disturbance in Children with Persistent Post-Concussion Symptoms: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. melatonin No effect - evaluate the efficacy of treatment sleep disturbance Human
youth with PPCS following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) 3 mg and 10 mg melatonin. Efficacy of Melatonin for Sleep Disturbance in Children with Persistent Post-Concussion Symptoms: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. melatonin treatment No effect - is often recommended sleep disturbance Human
children with persistent post-concussion symptoms (PPCS) 3 mg and 10 mg melatonin. Efficacy of Melatonin for Sleep Disturbance in Children with Persistent Post-Concussion Symptoms: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. melatonin Increases - improved actual sleep time Human
haemodialysis patients suffering from subjective sleep problems 3 mg per day. Long-term effects of melatonin on quality of life and sleep in haemodialysis patients (Melody study): a randomized controlled trial. melatonin Increases - improved sleep efficiency Human
haemodialysis patients suffering from subjective sleep problems 3 mg per day. Long-term effects of melatonin on quality of life and sleep in haemodialysis patients (Melody study): a randomized controlled trial. melatonin No effect - none of the sleep parameters differed significantly from placebo sleep parameters Human
haemodialysis patients suffering from subjective sleep problems 3 mg per day. Long-term effects of melatonin on quality of life and sleep in haemodialysis patients (Melody study): a randomized controlled trial. melatonin Decreases - neuroprotective effect adverse effects of ACBC on cognitive function, sleep quality and depressive symptoms Human
women with breast cancer 20mg of melatonin before and during the first cycle of chemotherapy. Clinical impact of melatonin on breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy; effects on cognition, sleep and depressive symptoms: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. melatonin No effect - impact on alcohol intoxication in terms of mental disorders, sleep and inflammation, hepatic injury, and mitochondrial function Human
— Not specified Alcohol and melatonin. melatonin No effect - exerts a wide range of different effects circadian rhythm regulation, thermoregulation, sleep induction, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-stress ones Human
— Not specified Alcohol and melatonin. melatonin No effect - no evidence that improved any major sleep outcome Human
patients with AD Not specified for light therapy. Pharmacotherapies for sleep disturbances in Alzheimer's disease. melatonin No effect - no difference between intervention and control groups ratio of daytime sleep to night-time sleep Human
patients with AD Not specified for light therapy. Pharmacotherapies for sleep disturbances in Alzheimer's disease. melatonin No effect - no difference between intervention and control groups sleep efficiency Human
patients with AD Not specified for light therapy. Pharmacotherapies for sleep disturbances in Alzheimer's disease. melatonin No effect - no difference between intervention and control groups time awake after sleep onset Human
patients with AD Not specified for light therapy. Pharmacotherapies for sleep disturbances in Alzheimer's disease. melatonin No effect - no difference between intervention and control groups total nocturnal sleep time Human
patients with AD Not specified for light therapy. Pharmacotherapies for sleep disturbances in Alzheimer's disease. melatonin (doses up to 10 mg) No effect - may have little or no effect any major sleep outcome Human
people with AD and sleep disturbances Not specified for light therapy. Pharmacotherapies for sleep disturbances in dementia. melatonin No effect - no evidence of an effect mean duration of sleep bouts Human
people with AD and sleep disturbances Not specified for light therapy. Pharmacotherapies for sleep disturbances in dementia. melatonin No effect - may have little or no effect ratio of day-time to night-time sleep Human
people with AD and sleep disturbances Not specified for light therapy. Pharmacotherapies for sleep disturbances in dementia. melatonin No effect - no evidence of an effect sleep efficiency Human
people with AD and sleep disturbances Not specified for light therapy. Pharmacotherapies for sleep disturbances in dementia. melatonin No effect - no evidence of an effect time awake after sleep onset Human
people with AD and sleep disturbances Not specified for light therapy. Pharmacotherapies for sleep disturbances in dementia. melatonin No effect - may have little or no effect total nocturnal sleep time (TNST) Human
people with AD and sleep disturbances Not specified for light therapy. Pharmacotherapies for sleep disturbances in dementia. melatonin (up to 10 mg) No effect - no evidence that improved any major sleep outcome Human
patients with AD who were identified as having a sleep disturbance Not specified for light therapy. Pharmacotherapies for sleep disturbances in dementia. melatonin No effect - mean difference ratio of daytime sleep to night-time sleep Human
patients with AD who were identified as having a sleep disturbance Not specified for light therapy. Pharmacotherapies for sleep disturbances in dementia. melatonin No effect - no difference sleep efficiency Human
patients with AD who were identified as having a sleep disturbance Not specified for light therapy. Pharmacotherapies for sleep disturbances in dementia. melatonin No effect - no difference time awake after sleep onset Human
patients with AD who were identified as having a sleep disturbance Not specified for light therapy. Pharmacotherapies for sleep disturbances in dementia. melatonin No effect - mean difference total nocturnal sleep time Human
patients with AD who were identified as having a sleep disturbance Not specified for light therapy. Pharmacotherapies for sleep disturbances in dementia. melatonin No effect - preferred concurrent use of behavioral interventions for management of sleep Human
caregivers of children and adolescents Not specified Melatonin use in children and adolescents: A scoping review of caregiver perspectives. melatonin No effect - provides an endogenous synchronizer, modulating blood pressure, body temperature, cortisol rhythm, sleep-awake-cycle, immune function and anti-oxidative defence Human
humans Not specified in the abstract. The analgesic effects of exogenous melatonin in humans. melatonin No effect - is thought to play a role in governing body's natural sleep-wake cycle Human
— Not specified Tasimelteon: first global approval. melatonin No effect - is thought to play a role in governing body's natural sleep-wake cycle Human
— Not specified Tasimelteon: first global approval. melatonin Decreases - improvement both many sleep-related phenomena and the severity of seizures Human
patients with intractable seizures Not specified Melatonin and sleep-related problems in children with intractable epilepsy. oral melatonin before bedtime Decreases - exhibited significant improvement bedtime resistance, sleep duration, sleep latency, frequent nocturnal arousals, sleep walking, excessive daytime sleepiness, nocturnal enuresis, forcible teeth grinding, sleep apnea, and Epworth sleepiness scores Human
patients with intractable epilepsy Not specified Melatonin and sleep-related problems in children with intractable epilepsy. melatonin Increases - has evidently been shown to play a regulatory role cardiorespiratory system and sleep-wake cycles Human
— Not specified Melatonin as an Antiepileptic Molecule: Therapeutic Implications via Neuroprotective and Inflammatory Mechanisms. melatonin No effect - is involved in circadian phasing and sleep-wake cycle Human
humans — Melatonergic drugs in development. melatonin (agonists) Decreases - most promising treatment options circadian rhythm and sleep disruption Human
HD patients Not specified Therapeutic strategies for circadian rhythm and sleep disturbances in Huntington disease. melatonin No effect - stabilises and strengthens coupling of circadian rhythms, especially of core temperature and sleep-wake rhythms Human
humans Not specified (mentions "physiological" dose matching nocturnal peak levels). Melatonin: Physiological effects in humans. Melatonin No effect - modulates circadian rhythms in physiology and sleep initiation Human
— — Circadian, Sleep and Caloric Intake Phenotyping in Type 2 Diabetes Patients With Rare Melatonin Receptor 2 Mutations and Controls: A Pilot Study. Melatonin Increases - improved sleep duration Human
Patients with rare MTNR1B variants — Circadian, Sleep and Caloric Intake Phenotyping in Type 2 Diabetes Patients With Rare Melatonin Receptor 2 Mutations and Controls: A Pilot Study. Melatonin Increases - improved sleep duration Human
T2D MTNR1B variant carriers — Circadian, Sleep and Caloric Intake Phenotyping in Type 2 Diabetes Patients With Rare Melatonin Receptor 2 Mutations and Controls: A Pilot Study. Melatonin Increases - improved sleep efficiency Human
Patients with rare MTNR1B variants — Circadian, Sleep and Caloric Intake Phenotyping in Type 2 Diabetes Patients With Rare Melatonin Receptor 2 Mutations and Controls: A Pilot Study. Melatonin Increases - improved sleep efficiency Human
T2D MTNR1B variant carriers — Circadian, Sleep and Caloric Intake Phenotyping in Type 2 Diabetes Patients With Rare Melatonin Receptor 2 Mutations and Controls: A Pilot Study. Melatonin Increases - improved sleep latency Human
Patients with rare MTNR1B variants — Circadian, Sleep and Caloric Intake Phenotyping in Type 2 Diabetes Patients With Rare Melatonin Receptor 2 Mutations and Controls: A Pilot Study. Melatonin Increases - improved sleep latency Human
T2D MTNR1B variant carriers — Circadian, Sleep and Caloric Intake Phenotyping in Type 2 Diabetes Patients With Rare Melatonin Receptor 2 Mutations and Controls: A Pilot Study. Melatonin Increases - improved sleep quality Human
T2D MTNR1B variant carriers — Circadian, Sleep and Caloric Intake Phenotyping in Type 2 Diabetes Patients With Rare Melatonin Receptor 2 Mutations and Controls: A Pilot Study. Melatonin Increases - improved sleep quality Human
Patients with rare MTNR1B variants — Circadian, Sleep and Caloric Intake Phenotyping in Type 2 Diabetes Patients With Rare Melatonin Receptor 2 Mutations and Controls: A Pilot Study. melatonin No effect - regulates circadian rhythm sleep disorders such as sleep-onset insomnia (SOI) Human
children with ADHD 3 to 6 mg administered within a few hours of bedtime. Melatonin treatment for insomnia in pediatric patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. melatonin Decreases - showed improvement sleep latency Human
children with ADHD and insomnia 3 to 6 mg administered within a few hours of bedtime. Melatonin treatment for insomnia in pediatric patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. melatonin Increases - showed improvement sleep onset Human
children with ADHD and insomnia 3 to 6 mg administered within a few hours of bedtime. Melatonin treatment for insomnia in pediatric patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. melatonin No effect - therapeutic applications circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders Human
— — Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders: a Contemporary Review of Neurobiology, Treatment, and Dysregulation in Neurodegenerative Disease. the melatonin agonist tasimelteon No effect - therapeutic applications circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders Human
— — Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders: a Contemporary Review of Neurobiology, Treatment, and Dysregulation in Neurodegenerative Disease. melatonin No effect - is registered to treat circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders and insomnia Human
patients aged 55 years and over Not specified Melatonin as a Potential Adjuvant Treatment for COVID-19 beyond Sleep Disorders. melatonin No effect - is a preferable drug for treating sleep disturbances Human
COVID-19 patients Not specified Melatonin as a Potential Adjuvant Treatment for COVID-19 beyond Sleep Disorders. melatonin No effect - has the potential to be a recommended treatment for sleep disturbances related to COVID-19 Human
— Not specified Melatonin as a Potential Adjuvant Treatment for COVID-19 beyond Sleep Disorders. melatonin No effect - plays a major role circadian sleep-wake rhythm Human
many mammals, including humans Not available Melatonin deficiency hypothesis in delirium: a synthesis of current evidence. melatonin Decreases - advanced clock hour of sleep onset Human
individuals with delayed sleep phase disorder Not specified The use of exogenous melatonin in delayed sleep phase disorder: a meta-analysis. melatonin Decreases - decreased sleep-onset latency Human
individuals with delayed sleep phase disorder Not specified The use of exogenous melatonin in delayed sleep phase disorder: a meta-analysis. melatonin No effect - did not change significantly total sleep time Human
individuals with delayed sleep phase disorder Not specified The use of exogenous melatonin in delayed sleep phase disorder: a meta-analysis. melatonin Increases - has a good potential controlling and regulating sleep and wakefulness Human
— — Melatonin as a complementary and prophylactic agent against COVID-19 in high-risk populations: A narrative review of recent findings from clinical and preclinical studies. melatonin Increases - might act as a prophylactic agent with sedative effects and sleep enhancement potential sedative effects and sleep enhancement Human
patients, their families, health care workers, and occupations affected by psychological stress caused by COVID-19 — Melatonin as a complementary and prophylactic agent against COVID-19 in high-risk populations: A narrative review of recent findings from clinical and preclinical studies. melatonin Decreases - likely to be useful in treating delayed sleep phase, jet lag, or shift work Human
— Not available Complementary and alternative medicine usage for behavioral health indications. melatonin Decreases - best evidence for efficacy delayed sleep phase syndrome Human
children Most effective when administered 3-5 h before physiological dim light melatonin onset; no advantage of extended-release over immediate-release noted. Current role of melatonin in pediatric neurology: clinical recommendations. melatonin Decreases - can benefit sleep disturbance Human
children with developmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and intellectual disability Most effective when administered 3-5 h before physiological dim light melatonin onset; no advantage of extended-release over immediate-release noted. Current role of melatonin in pediatric neurology: clinical recommendations. melatonin Increases - can also be of value in the performance of sleep EEGs Human
— Most effective when administered 3-5 h before physiological dim light melatonin onset; no advantage of extended-release over immediate-release noted. Current role of melatonin in pediatric neurology: clinical recommendations. melatonin Decreases - best evidence for efficacy sleep onset insomnia Human
children Most effective when administered 3-5 h before physiological dim light melatonin onset; no advantage of extended-release over immediate-release noted. Current role of melatonin in pediatric neurology: clinical recommendations. melatonin Decreases - decreases sleep onset latency Human
children Most effective when administered 3-5 h before physiological dim light melatonin onset; no advantage of extended-release over immediate-release noted. Current role of melatonin in pediatric neurology: clinical recommendations. melatonin Increases - increases total sleep time Human
children Most effective when administered 3-5 h before physiological dim light melatonin onset; no advantage of extended-release over immediate-release noted. Current role of melatonin in pediatric neurology: clinical recommendations. melatonin Decreases - acts to prevent these events destructive interactions of HOCl with tetrapyrrole rings, oxygen deficiency, hypoxia, vitamin B12 deficiency, NO deficiency, increased oxidative stress, sleep disturbance Human
— Not specified. Melatonin interferes with COVID-19 at several distinct ROS-related steps. melatonin No effect - could affect developing infants' sleep-wake cycle and cardiovascular function Human
developing infants Not specified Effects of intrauterine growth restriction on sleep and the cardiovascular system: The use of melatonin as a potential therapy? melatonin Decreases - useful in treating disturbed sleep in PD Human
— — Therapeutic potential of melatonin and its analogs in Parkinson's disease: focus on sleep and neuroprotection. melatonin No effect - no difference duration of sleep Human
adults in the intensive care unit Not specified (doses varied between studies). Melatonin for the promotion of sleep in adults in the intensive care unit. melatonin Increases - longer sleep sleep duration Human
adults in the intensive care unit Not specified (doses varied between studies). Melatonin for the promotion of sleep in adults in the intensive care unit. melatonin No effect - no difference sleep efficiency index scores Human
adults in the intensive care unit Not specified (doses varied between studies). Melatonin for the promotion of sleep in adults in the intensive care unit. melatonin No effect - no difference sleep efficiency index scores Human
adults in the intensive care unit Not specified (doses varied between studies). Melatonin for the promotion of sleep in adults in the intensive care unit. melatonin Increases - improved sleep sleep quality Human
adults in the intensive care unit Not specified (doses varied between studies). Melatonin for the promotion of sleep in adults in the intensive care unit. melatonin Increases - most frequently prescribed facilitate spontaneous sleep Human
one third of participating centers Not specified Need for a standardized technique of nap EEG recordings: results of a national online survey in Italy. melatonin No effect - could be the molecule linking homeostatic and circadian regulation of sleep Animal
— Not specified Melatonin, Melatonin Receptors and Sleep: Moving Beyond Traditional Views. melatonin No effect - could be the molecule linking homeostatic and circadian regulation of sleep Animal
— Not specified Melatonin, Melatonin Receptors and Sleep: Moving Beyond Traditional Views. melatonin through MT1 and MT2 receptors No effect - might not only influence circadian aspects of sleep Animal
— Not specified Melatonin, Melatonin Receptors and Sleep: Moving Beyond Traditional Views. melatonin through MT1 and MT2 receptors No effect - might not only influence circadian aspects of sleep Animal
— Not specified Melatonin, Melatonin Receptors and Sleep: Moving Beyond Traditional Views. melatonin through MT1 and MT2 receptors No effect - likely also modulate homeostatic process of sleep Animal
— Not specified Melatonin, Melatonin Receptors and Sleep: Moving Beyond Traditional Views. melatonin through MT1 and MT2 receptors No effect - likely also modulate homeostatic process of sleep Animal
— Not specified Melatonin, Melatonin Receptors and Sleep: Moving Beyond Traditional Views. melatonin through MT1 and MT2 receptors No effect - likely also modulate sleep architecture Animal
— Not specified Melatonin, Melatonin Receptors and Sleep: Moving Beyond Traditional Views. melatonin through MT1 and MT2 receptors No effect - likely also modulate sleep architecture Animal
— Not specified Melatonin, Melatonin Receptors and Sleep: Moving Beyond Traditional Views. melatonin (5 mg) No effect - no statistically significant between-group differences how sleep is affecting daily life Human
males 18 years of age and older in recovery from substance use 5 mg melatonin daily. The Effect of Melatonin Upon Postacute Withdrawal Among Males in a Residential Treatment Program (M-PAWS): A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial. melatonin (5 mg) No effect - no statistically significant between-group differences Pittsburgh Sleep Symptom Questionnaire-Insomnia (PSSQ-1) Human
males 18 years of age and older in recovery from substance use 5 mg melatonin daily. The Effect of Melatonin Upon Postacute Withdrawal Among Males in a Residential Treatment Program (M-PAWS): A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial. melatonin (5 mg) No effect - no statistically significant between-group differences weekly self-reported severity of anxiety, depression, stress, and sleep complaints Human
males 18 years of age and older in recovery from substance use 5 mg melatonin daily. The Effect of Melatonin Upon Postacute Withdrawal Among Males in a Residential Treatment Program (M-PAWS): A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial. Melatonin (MLT) No effect - is crucial in controlling human sleep-wake patterns Human
human Not specified Unlocking the health benefits of melatonin supplementation: A promising preventative and therapeutic strategy. melatonin Increases - effective in improving initiation and maintenance of sleep Human
healthy children suffering from insomnia — The effect of treatment with melatonin on primary school aged children with difficulty in initiation and maintenance of sleep. melatonin Increases - more effective than placebo in improving initiation and maintenance of sleep and most of its subscales Human
primary school aged children — The effect of treatment with melatonin on primary school aged children with difficulty in initiation and maintenance of sleep. melatonin Decreases - effective in improving sleep anxiety Human
healthy children suffering from insomnia — The effect of treatment with melatonin on primary school aged children with difficulty in initiation and maintenance of sleep. melatonin No effect - ineffective in sleep disordered breathing Human
healthy children suffering from insomnia — The effect of treatment with melatonin on primary school aged children with difficulty in initiation and maintenance of sleep. melatonin Increases - effective in improving sleep duration Human
healthy children suffering from insomnia — The effect of treatment with melatonin on primary school aged children with difficulty in initiation and maintenance of sleep. melatonin Decreases - effective in improving sleep onset delay Human
healthy children suffering from insomnia — The effect of treatment with melatonin on primary school aged children with difficulty in initiation and maintenance of sleep. melatonin No effect - Management options include irregular sleep-wake rhythm (ISWR) Human
patients with dementia Not specified The management of sleep and circadian disturbance in patients with dementia. melatonin Increases - may be useful irregular sleep-wake rhythm disorder Human
some patients Not specified Irregular Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disorder. melatonin No effect - effects management of sleep-wake disturbances Human Molecular
cancer patients Not specified Update on the role of melatonin in the prevention of cancer tumorigenesis and in the management of cancer correlates, such as sleep-wake and mood disturbances: review and remarks. melatonin No effect - influence sleep Human Molecular
— Not specified Update on the role of melatonin in the prevention of cancer tumorigenesis and in the management of cancer correlates, such as sleep-wake and mood disturbances: review and remarks. melatonin Increases - induced improvements measures of sleep Human
persons with Parkinson's disease (PwP) Not specified The multimodal effect of circadian interventions in Parkinson's disease: A narrative review. exogenous melatonin Increases - positive effects sleep quality Human
persons with Parkinson's disease (PwP) Not specified The multimodal effect of circadian interventions in Parkinson's disease: A narrative review. melatonin agonists Increases - induced improvements measures of sleep Human
persons with Parkinson's disease (PwP) Not specified The multimodal effect of circadian interventions in Parkinson's disease: A narrative review. melatonin agonists Increases - positive effects sleep quality Human
persons with Parkinson's disease (PwP) Not specified The multimodal effect of circadian interventions in Parkinson's disease: A narrative review. Melatonin Decreases - decrease in muscle tonicity during REM sleep Human
— Not specified Melatonin therapy for REM sleep behavior disorder: a critical review of evidence. Melatonin No effect - appears to be beneficial for the management Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) Human
— Not specified Melatonin therapy for REM sleep behavior disorder: a critical review of evidence. melatonin Increases - adverse effects nightmares, hypotension, and sleep disorders Human
— Not specified Melatonin in experimental seizures and epilepsy. melatonin Increases - promotes NREM sleep Animal
mice — Sleep well. Untangling the role of melatonin MT1 and MT2 receptors in sleep. melatonin Decreases - significantly reduced number of 30-s REM sleep epochs without muscle atonia Human
patients with RBD 3 mg daily, administered between 22:00 h and 23:00 h. A two-part, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of exogenous melatonin in REM sleep behaviour disorder. melatonin Increases - improvements REM sleep muscle atonia Human
patients who took placebo during Part I 3 mg daily, administered between 22:00 h and 23:00 h. A two-part, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of exogenous melatonin in REM sleep behaviour disorder. melatonin Increases - significant improvements in objective sleep efficiency Human
participants with TBI-induced sleep disturbance — The Utility of Melatonin for the Treatment of Sleep Disturbance After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Review. melatonin Increases - beneficial to sleep duration Human
individuals with sleep disturbance after TBI — The Utility of Melatonin for the Treatment of Sleep Disturbance After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Review. melatonin Increases - beneficial to sleep efficiency Human
individuals with sleep disturbance after TBI — The Utility of Melatonin for the Treatment of Sleep Disturbance After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Review. melatonin Increases - beneficial to sleep quality Human
individuals with sleep disturbance after TBI — The Utility of Melatonin for the Treatment of Sleep Disturbance After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Review. melatonin Increases - significant improvements in subjective sleep quality Human
participants with TBI-induced sleep disturbance — The Utility of Melatonin for the Treatment of Sleep Disturbance After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Review. melatonin Increases - significant improvements in total sleep time Human
participants with TBI-induced sleep disturbance — The Utility of Melatonin for the Treatment of Sleep Disturbance After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Review. melatonin Increases - increased objective sleep efficiency Human
women with primary dysmenorrhea Not specified Both melatonin and meloxicam improved sleep and pain in females with primary dysmenorrhea-results from a double-blind cross-over intervention pilot study. melatonin Decreases - shortened objective sleep latency Human
women with primary dysmenorrhea Not specified Both melatonin and meloxicam improved sleep and pain in females with primary dysmenorrhea-results from a double-blind cross-over intervention pilot study. melatonin Increases - improved subjective sleep Human
women with primary dysmenorrhea Not specified Both melatonin and meloxicam improved sleep and pain in females with primary dysmenorrhea-results from a double-blind cross-over intervention pilot study. melatonin Increases - superior efficacy treatment of pain and PD-related sleep complaints Human
women with primary dysmenorrhea Not specified Both melatonin and meloxicam improved sleep and pain in females with primary dysmenorrhea-results from a double-blind cross-over intervention pilot study. melatonin No effect - did not significantly change objective sleep measurements Human
inpatients age ≥65 years, admitted to internal medicine wards (non-intensive care units) 3 mg nightly Melatonin and Sleep in Preventing Hospitalized Delirium: A Randomized Clinical Trial. melatonin No effect - did not significantly change subjective sleep measurements Human
inpatients age ≥65 years, admitted to internal medicine wards (non-intensive care units) 3 mg nightly Melatonin and Sleep in Preventing Hospitalized Delirium: A Randomized Clinical Trial. melatonin Increases - may be minimal benefit objective sleep measures Human
Parkinson's patients Not specified Melatonin for Sleep Disorders in Patients with Neurodegenerative Diseases. melatonin Increases - a suggestion of subjective benefit sleep Human
Parkinson's patients Not specified Melatonin for Sleep Disorders in Patients with Neurodegenerative Diseases. melatonin Increases - possible symptomatic improvements seen sleep quality Human
Alzheimer's patients Not specified Melatonin for Sleep Disorders in Patients with Neurodegenerative Diseases. melatonin No effect - demonstrate a lack of benefit sleep quantity Human
Alzheimer's patients Not specified Melatonin for Sleep Disorders in Patients with Neurodegenerative Diseases. melatonin No effect - are mixed subjective measures of sleep quality Human
Alzheimer's patients Not specified Melatonin for Sleep Disorders in Patients with Neurodegenerative Diseases. melatonin Increases - significant improvement objective sleep quality Human
breast cancer patients 5 mg at bedtime The effect of melatonin on sleep and quality of life in patients with advanced breast cancer. melatonin Increases - significant improvement sleep fragmentation and quantity Human
breast cancer patients 5 mg at bedtime The effect of melatonin on sleep and quality of life in patients with advanced breast cancer. melatonin Increases - significant improvement subjective sleep Human
breast cancer patients 5 mg at bedtime The effect of melatonin on sleep and quality of life in patients with advanced breast cancer. melatonin No effect - broadly similar occurrence of epileptiform activity during sleep Human
children Not specified Sleep deprivation and melatonin for inducing sleep in paediatric electroencephalography: a prospective multicentre service evaluation. melatonin Increases - achieved stage II sleep Human
children Not specified Sleep deprivation and melatonin for inducing sleep in paediatric electroencephalography: a prospective multicentre service evaluation. Melatonin Increases - significantly improved overall sleep quality Human
subjects taking melatonin Not specified (higher doses showed greater effects). Meta-analysis: melatonin for the treatment of primary sleep disorders. Melatonin Decreases - demonstrated significant efficacy in reducing sleep latency Human
subjects with primary sleep disorders Not specified (higher doses showed greater effects). Meta-analysis: melatonin for the treatment of primary sleep disorders. Melatonin Decreases - demonstrated greater effects on decreasing sleep latency Human
— Not specified (higher doses showed greater effects). Meta-analysis: melatonin for the treatment of primary sleep disorders. Melatonin No effect - No significant effects of trial duration and melatonin dose were observed on sleep quality Human
— Not specified (higher doses showed greater effects). Meta-analysis: melatonin for the treatment of primary sleep disorders. Melatonin Increases - increasing total sleep time Human
subjects with primary sleep disorders Not specified (higher doses showed greater effects). Meta-analysis: melatonin for the treatment of primary sleep disorders. Melatonin Increases - demonstrated greater effects on increasing total sleep time Human
— Not specified (higher doses showed greater effects). Meta-analysis: melatonin for the treatment of primary sleep disorders. melatonin Decreases - reduced more than did placebo pain-related sleep interference scores Human
type 2 diabetic patients suffering from painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) 3 mg/day for 1 week, then 6 mg/day for 7 weeks. Adjuvant use of melatonin for relieving symptoms of painful diabetic neuropathy: results of a randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial. melatonin No effect - can be safe and effective pediatric insomnia and sleep disturbances Human
children Not specified (individualized based on severity and type of disorder). Pediatric sleep disturbances and treatment with melatonin. melatonin No effect - can be safe and effective primary sleep disorders Human
children Not specified (individualized based on severity and type of disorder). Pediatric sleep disturbances and treatment with melatonin. melatonin No effect - can be safe and effective sleep disorders associated with various neurological conditions Human
children Not specified (individualized based on severity and type of disorder). Pediatric sleep disturbances and treatment with melatonin. melatonin Increases - role in the restorative value of sleep perceived sleep quality Human
— Not specified New perspectives on the role of melatonin in human sleep, circadian rhythms and their regulation. melatonin treatment Decreases - clinically meaningful effects have been demonstrated circadian rhythm-related sleep disorders, jet lag and shift work, insomnia in children with neurodevelopmental disorders, poor (non-restorative) sleep quality, non-dipping nocturnal blood pressure (nocturnal hypertension) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) Human
humans Not specified New perspectives on the role of melatonin in human sleep, circadian rhythms and their regulation. melatonin No effect - most commonly used pharmacologic treatment of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder Human
patients with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder Not available Drugs Used in Parasomnia. melatonin (3 mg) Decreases - favoring melatonin Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score Human
IPD patients 3 mg melatonin daily. Melatonin on sleep in Parkinson's disease: A randomized double blind placebo controlled trial. melatonin (3 mg) Decreases - favoring melatonin Polysomnography (PSG) parameters - sleep latency Human
IPD patients 3 mg melatonin daily. Melatonin on sleep in Parkinson's disease: A randomized double blind placebo controlled trial. melatonin (3 mg) Increases - favoring melatonin Polysomnography (PSG) parameters - total sleep time Human
IPD patients 3 mg melatonin daily. Melatonin on sleep in Parkinson's disease: A randomized double blind placebo controlled trial. melatonin (3 mg) Decreases - is an effective and safe treatment option sleep problems Human
PD patients 3 mg melatonin daily. Melatonin on sleep in Parkinson's disease: A randomized double blind placebo controlled trial. melatonin Decreases - decreases with age, in inverse correlation with the frequency of poor sleep quality Human
— Not specified Melatonin in sleep disorders. melatonin No effect - has been suggested that deficit is at least partly responsible for sleep disorders Human
— Not specified Melatonin in sleep disorders. melatonin No effect - is the main hormone involved in the control of sleep-wake cycle Human
— Not specified Melatonin in sleep disorders. melatonin Increases - can be used to improve postoperative sleep Human
patients after surgery Not specified Improve postoperative sleep: what can we do? melatonin Decreases - appears promising post paediatric ABI sleep impairment Human
children following acquired brain injury (ABI) Not specified Effectiveness of melatonin for sleep impairment post paediatric acquired brain injury: evidence from a systematic review. melatonin No effect - paucity of high-quality evidence to support use sleep impairment post paediatric ABI Human
children following acquired brain injury (ABI) Not specified Effectiveness of melatonin for sleep impairment post paediatric acquired brain injury: evidence from a systematic review. melatonin Increases - could improve quality of sleep Human
patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) 6 mg melatonin tablets taken 45 minutes before sleep. Efficacy of melatonin on sleep quality after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. melatonin Decreases - results in decrease sleep latency (SL) Human
patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) 6 mg melatonin tablets taken 45 minutes before sleep. Efficacy of melatonin on sleep quality after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. melatonin Increases - improved quality of sleep Human
subjects who received melatonin — Effect of add-on melatonin on seizure outcomes and quality of sleep in epilepsy with idiopathic generalized tonic-clonic seizures alone in adult patients: Cross-sectional, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. melatonin Increases - improving quality of sleep Human
critical care patients Not specified Clinical Trials for Use of Melatonin to Fight against COVID-19 Are Urgently Needed. melatonin Decreases - treated Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder Human
patients with Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder Not specified Management of common sleep disorders. melatonin Decreases - treatment rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder Human
patients Not specified REM Sleep Behavior Disorder. melatonin No effect - most commonly used rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder Human
— Not available Drugs Used in Parasomnia. Melatonin Decreases - reported improvements Rapid Eye Movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) Human
RBD patients Not specified A critical review of the pharmacological treatment of REM sleep behavior disorder in adults: time for more and larger randomized placebo-controlled trials. Melatonin No effect - did not find to be superior to placebo Rapid Eye Movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) Human
— Not specified A critical review of the pharmacological treatment of REM sleep behavior disorder in adults: time for more and larger randomized placebo-controlled trials. melatonin Decreases - treatable rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder Human
patients with RBD 3-6 mg before bed Importance of Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder to the Primary Care Physician. melatonin No effect - most commonly used rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder Human
patients with Parkinson's disease Not available Treatment of the sleep disorders associated with Parkinson's disease. melatonin No effect - most commonly used as symptomatic treatments rapid eye movement sleep behavioural disorder (RBD) Human
RBD population Not specified Clinical trials in REM sleep behavioural disorder: challenges and opportunities. melatonin No effect - used routinely in the treatment rapid-eye movement sleep-behaviour disorder Human
— Not specified The use and misuse of exogenous melatonin in the treatment of sleep disorders. melatonin Decreases - reducing sleep onset latency Human
adults Not specified The use and misuse of exogenous melatonin in the treatment of sleep disorders. melatonin Decreases - reducing sleep onset latency Human
adults Not specified The use and misuse of exogenous melatonin in the treatment of sleep disorders. exogenously administered melatonin No effect - evidence for the efficacy sleep disorders Human
children and adults Not specified The use and misuse of exogenous melatonin in the treatment of sleep disorders. dual melatonin receptor agonists No effect - being trialled sleep disorders Human
— Not specified The use and misuse of exogenous melatonin in the treatment of sleep disorders. melatonin No effect - identified as important players regulation and maintenance of sleep-wake-dependent changes in neuronal activity and the sleep-wake continuum Human Animal
genetically engineered animal models, healthy volunteers, and sleep-disordered patients Not specified Sleep Pharmacogenetics: Personalized Sleep-Wake Therapy. Melatonin No effect - most commonly used therapy REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) Human
Parkinson's disease patients Not specified Pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of sleep disturbances in Parkinson's disease: if when and how. melatonin Increases - possible benefit re-regulation of sleep-wake cycle disruption in delirium Human
— Not specified Pharmacological Management of Sleep-Wake Disturbances in Delirium. melatonin No effect - plays important roles in rhythms of the sleep-wake cycle Human
— — Melatonin in Reproductive Medicine: A Promising Therapeutic Target? melatonin No effect - has role in promoting sleep Human
— Not specified Effects of melatonin on oxidative stress, and resistance to bacterial, parasitic, and viral infections: a review. melatonin Increases - favourable effects sleep Human
— Not mentioned. Exploring the reasons why melatonin can improve tinnitus. melatonin Increases - positively associated with greater likelihood of improvement sleep Human
those with absence of depression and/or anxiety at baseline 3 mg nightly Melatonin: can it stop the ringing? melatonin Increases - positively associated with greater likelihood of improvement sleep Human
those with greater pretreatment TSI scores 3 mg nightly Melatonin: can it stop the ringing? melatonin Increases - positively associated with greater likelihood of improvement sleep Human
those with greater pretreatment SRT scores 3 mg nightly Melatonin: can it stop the ringing? melatonin Increases - improved sleep quality Human
patients with chronic tinnitus 3 mg nightly Melatonin: can it stop the ringing? melatonin No effect - interactions between sleep Human
— Not specified Ocular and systemic melatonin and the influence of light exposure. Melatonin Increases - has been used for improving sleep sleep Human
patients with insomnia 2-3 mg/day for melatonin; 50-100 mg/day suggested for future studies. Melatonin and its analogs in insomnia and depression. Melatonin Increases - has been used for improving sleep sleep Human
patients with insomnia 2-3 mg/day for melatonin; 50-100 mg/day suggested for future studies. Melatonin and its analogs in insomnia and depression. melatonin Increases - has been used for improving sleep Human
patients with insomnia and circadian rhythm sleep disorders 2-5 mg/day for sleep disorders; 50-100 mg/day proposed for MS. Disrupted chronobiology of sleep and cytoprotection in obesity: possible therapeutic value of melatonin. melatonin Increases - may promote sleep Human
— Not specified Emerging targets for the pharmacological treatment of depression: focus on melatonergic system. melatonin Increases - may promote sleep Human
— Not specified Emerging targets for the pharmacological treatment of depression: focus on melatonergic system. Melatonin Increases - has been shown to improve sleep Human
— Not specified Agomelatine in depressive disorders: its novel mechanisms of action. Melatonin Increases - has been shown to improve sleep Human
— Not specified Agomelatine in depressive disorders: its novel mechanisms of action. Melatonin Increases - is involved in the regulation of the sleep-wake cycle Human
— Not specified Agomelatine in depressive disorders: its novel mechanisms of action. Melatonin Increases - is involved in the regulation of the sleep-wake cycle Human
— Not specified Agomelatine in depressive disorders: its novel mechanisms of action. melatonin No effect - plays an important role sleep Human Molecular
— Not specified Melatonin: its possible role in the management of viral infections--a brief review. melatonin No effect - did not affect sleep Human
postmenopausal women with osteopenia 1 mg or 3 mg nightly. The effect of melatonin treatment on postural stability, muscle strength, and quality of life and sleep in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial. melatonin Increases - a trend towards an improved sleep quality Human
subgroup of women with sleep disturbances at baseline 1 mg or 3 mg nightly. The effect of melatonin treatment on postural stability, muscle strength, and quality of life and sleep in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial. Melatonin Increases - appears to improve sleep Human
— Not specified Pharmacotherapy for mental health problems in people with intellectual disability. melatonin Increases - administered to improve sleep sleep Human
— 4 mg enterally once daily at 21:00. Prophylactic Melatonin for Delirium in Intensive Care (Pro-MEDIC): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. melatonin Increases - has proven hypnotic effects sleep Human
— 25 mg melatonin. The effect of MElatonin on Depressive symptoms, Anxiety, CIrcadian and Sleep disturbances in patients after acute coronary syndrome (MEDACIS): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. melatonin Decreases - has a preventive effect sleep disturbances Human
patients after acute coronary syndrome 25 mg melatonin. The effect of MElatonin on Depressive symptoms, Anxiety, CIrcadian and Sleep disturbances in patients after acute coronary syndrome (MEDACIS): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. melatonin No effect - adequately support the pharmacological treatment sleep Human
autism spectrum disorder Not specified Clinical trials in autism spectrum disorder: evidence, challenges and future directions. melatonin Increases - appeared safe and effective in improving sleep Human
the studied children Not specified Melatonin for the management of sleep problems in children with neurodevelopmental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. melatonin Increases - significantly improved total sleep time Human
children (<18 years) with neurodevelopmental disorders Not specified Melatonin for the management of sleep problems in children with neurodevelopmental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. melatonin Increases - sleep-enhancing properties sleep Human
— Not specified (mentions "recommended use" but no specific dosage). Drugs Used in Circadian Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disturbances. other melatonin receptor agonists Increases - sleep-enhancing properties sleep Human
— Not specified (mentions "recommended use" but no specific dosage). Drugs Used in Circadian Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disturbances. melatonin Increases - improvement was greatest sleep Human
children with autism or other neurodevelopmental disorders Not specified Pharmacologic Treatments for Sleep Disorders in Children: A Systematic Review. melatonin Increases - improvement was smaller sleep Human
adolescents and children with chronic delayed sleep onset Not specified Pharmacologic Treatments for Sleep Disorders in Children: A Systematic Review. melatonin Increases - significantly improved sleep duration Human
— Not specified Pharmacologic Treatments for Sleep Disorders in Children: A Systematic Review. melatonin Decreases - significantly improved sleep latency Human
— Not specified Pharmacologic Treatments for Sleep Disorders in Children: A Systematic Review. melatonin Decreases - significantly improved wake time after sleep onset Human
— Not specified Pharmacologic Treatments for Sleep Disorders in Children: A Systematic Review. melatonin Increases - likely have the most promise to improve sleep Human
inpatient medical settings Not available Sleepless in the hospital: A systematic review of non-pharmacological sleep interventions. melatonin No effect - no significant effect sleep Human
youth (ages 8-18 years) with PPCS at 4 to 6 weeks after mild traumatic brain injury 3 mg or 10 mg melatonin (frequency not specified). Efficacy of Melatonin in Children With Postconcussive Symptoms: A Randomized Clinical Trial. melatonin No effect - is involved in the initiation of sleep Human
— Not mentioned Quality of life for older patients with cancer: a review of the evidence supporting melatonin use. melatonin Increases - have shown promise for improving sleep Human
adults with critical conditions Not specified Effectiveness of complementary and alternative medicine interventions for sleep quality in adult intensive care patients: A systematic review. melatonin Increases - sleep-enhancing sleep Human
— Not specified Drugs Used in Circadian Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disturbances. other melatonin receptor agonists Increases - sleep-enhancing sleep Human
— Not specified Drugs Used in Circadian Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disturbances. melatonin Increases - has been implicated in promoting and maintaining sleep Molecular
— Not mentioned Melatonin's neuroprotective role in mitochondria and its potential as a biomarker in aging, cognition and psychiatric disorders. melatonin No effect - maintain synchrony of sleep with the day/night cycle sleep Human
humans Not specified What do we really know about the safety and efficacy of melatonin for sleep disorders? melatonin No effect - little effect on sleep efficiency sleep efficiency Human
children with neurodevelopmental disabilities Not specified What do we really know about the safety and efficacy of melatonin for sleep disorders? melatonin Decreases - can advance the time of sleep onset sleep onset Human
— Not specified What do we really know about the safety and efficacy of melatonin for sleep disorders? melatonin Decreases - effect is modest and variable sleep onset Human
— Not specified What do we really know about the safety and efficacy of melatonin for sleep disorders? melatonin Decreases - appears to have the greatest impact on sleep onset sleep onset Human
children with neurodevelopmental disabilities Not specified What do we really know about the safety and efficacy of melatonin for sleep disorders? melatonin No effect - clinical effects sleep Human
patients with mild cognitive impairment and AD Not specified Role of melatonin in Alzheimer's disease: From preclinical studies to novel melatonin-based therapies. melatonin Increases - adding a sleep-promoting agent sleep Human
— — Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Medications and Sleep. melatonin Increases - result in improved sleep sleep Human
children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) Not specified The impact of the physical activity intervention on sleep in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. melatonin Increases - widespread oral use as a dietary supplement to improve sleep Human
— Not specified Clinical Studies Using Topical Melatonin. melatonin No effect - plays a critical role in sleep Human
— Not specified Melatonin: Evolving Physiological Understanding and Potential Therapeutic Role in Pain Medicine Including Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Melatonin Increases - is known for its sleep-enhancing properties sleep Human
— Not specified Melatonin in Alzheimer's Disease: Literature Review and Therapeutic Trials. Melatonin (MT) No effect - regulating sleep Human
humans and animals Not specified Microbial melatonin metabolism in the human intestine as a therapeutic target for dysbiosis and rhythm disorders. Melatonin (MLT) Increases - has long been associated with promoting and maintaining sleep Human Animal
— — Melatonin Induces Analgesic Effects through MT Melatonin Increases - increase sleep sleep Human
— Not specified Good night and good luck: norepinephrine in sleep pharmacology. melatonin-related compounds Increases - increase sleep sleep Human
— Not specified Good night and good luck: norepinephrine in sleep pharmacology. melatonin No effect - considered sleep abnormalities in neurodegenerative disease states Human
patients with neurodegenerative disease Not specified The Treatment of Sleep Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Disorders. melatonin No effect - formulated as a medicinal product sleep and behavioral problems Human
— Low doses (usually below 1 mg) as a nutraceutical; higher doses as a psychotropic drug. Pharmacotherapy and Nutritional Supplements for Neovascular Eye Diseases. melatonin Decreases - hold promise in alleviating sleep and circadian dysfunction Human
neuro-immune disorders Not specified The putative role of oxidative stress and inflammation in the pathophysiology of sleep dysfunction across neuropsychiatric disorders: Focus on chronic fatigue syndrome, bipolar disorder and multiple sclerosis. melatonin Increases - is used to facilitate sleep and circadian realignment Human
— Not available Jet Lag and Shift Work Disorder. melatonin No effect - has apparent effects sleep and circadian rhythm Molecular
— Not specified Melatonin as an endogenous regulator of diseases: The role of autophagy. melatonin Increases - can improve sleep and circadian rhythm disruption Human
PD and AD patients 50-100mg/day (therapeutic range suggested for neurodegenerative disorders). Melatonin and mitochondrial dysfunction in the central nervous system. melatonin No effect - required to affect sleep and circadian rhythms Human
— 50-100mg/day (therapeutic range suggested for neurodegenerative disorders). Melatonin and mitochondrial dysfunction in the central nervous system. melatonin analogs No effect - employed in clinical trials in sleep-disturbed or depressed patients Human
sleep-disturbed or depressed patients 50-100mg/day (therapeutic range suggested for neurodegenerative disorders). Melatonin and mitochondrial dysfunction in the central nervous system. Melatonin No effect - plays an important physiologic role sleep and circadian rhythm regulation Human
— Not specified Melatonin in septic shock: some recent concepts. melatonin Increases - may be advantageous in improving sleep and circadian rhythms Human
— Not specified Circadian Disruption Associated with Alzheimer's Disease. melatonin No effect - influences sleep and mood Human
— Not specified Exploring the association between melatonin and nicotine dependence (Review). melatonin Increases - is demonstrable with significant improvement sleep and quality of life Human
patients in the preclinical stage of dementia (minimal cognitive impairment) Not specified Neuroendocrine-Metabolic Dysfunction and Sleep Disturbances in Neurodegenerative Disorders: Focus on Alzheimer's Disease and Melatonin. melatonin No effect - regulation sleep and wakefulness Human
— Melatonin with adenosine at a 1:4 ratio, stabilized with 30% glycine (MLT-DBM). Melatonin with adenosine solubilized in water and stabilized with glycine for oncological treatment - technical preparation, effectivity and clinical findings. melatonin No effect - not improved sleep awaking Human
children and adolescents with a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders — Efficacy on sleep parameters and tolerability of melatonin in individuals with sleep or mental disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. melatonin Decreases - significantly improved sleep onset latency Human
children and adolescents with a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders — Efficacy on sleep parameters and tolerability of melatonin in individuals with sleep or mental disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. melatonin Decreases - significantly improved sleep onset latency (measured by diary) Human
adults with delayed sleep phase disorder — Efficacy on sleep parameters and tolerability of melatonin in individuals with sleep or mental disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. melatonin Increases - significantly improved total sleep time Human
children and adolescents with a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders — Efficacy on sleep parameters and tolerability of melatonin in individuals with sleep or mental disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. melatonin Increases - significantly improved total sleep time (measured with polysomnography) Human
adults with delayed sleep phase disorder — Efficacy on sleep parameters and tolerability of melatonin in individuals with sleep or mental disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. melatonin No effect - regulates sleep cycle Human
— Not specified Melatonin in Dermatologic Allergic Diseases and Other Skin Conditions: Current Trends and Reports. melatonin No effect - can be used in the treatment of sleep disturbances Human
those with chronic allergic diseases accompanied by intensive itching (such as atopic dermatitis and chronic spontaneous urticaria) Not specified Melatonin in Dermatologic Allergic Diseases and Other Skin Conditions: Current Trends and Reports. melatonin No effect - is used as a natural supplement among athletes to regulate and protect sleep cycles and muscles against oxidative damage Human
athletes Not specified Exercise-induced oxidative stress and melatonin supplementation: current evidence. melatonin No effect - recommend a new treatment sleep deprivation Human
ICU patients 3 mg of oral melatonin administered at 9:00 pm. Impact of oral melatonin on critically ill adult patients with ICU sleep deprivation: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. melatonin Increases - benefit sleep quality Human
certain people 3 mg of oral melatonin administered at 9:00 pm. Impact of oral melatonin on critically ill adult patients with ICU sleep deprivation: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. melatonin No effect - evaluate the effect sleep quality Human
ICU patients 3 mg of oral melatonin administered at 9:00 pm. Impact of oral melatonin on critically ill adult patients with ICU sleep deprivation: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. melatonin Decreases - effectively ameliorated sleep deprivation-caused oxidative stress-mediated gut microbiota disorder and colitis Animal
— — The Role of melatonin No effect - therapeutic benefits sleep disorder Human
— Not specified Physiological and pharmacological perspectives of melatonin. melatonin No effect - regulates sleep-wake cycle Human
— Not specified Physiological and pharmacological perspectives of melatonin. impaired melatonin secretion Increases - promotes sleep disorder Human
— Not specified Physiological and pharmacological perspectives of melatonin. melatonin Increases - therapeutic benefits sleep disorders Human
ASD Not specified Melatonin: From Pharmacokinetics to Clinical Use in Autism Spectrum Disorder. melatonin Increases - well-validated and tolerated treatment sleep disorders Human
children and adolescents with ASD Not specified Melatonin: From Pharmacokinetics to Clinical Use in Autism Spectrum Disorder. melatonin Increases - observed sleep latency Human
ASD Not specified Melatonin: From Pharmacokinetics to Clinical Use in Autism Spectrum Disorder. melatonin Increases - observed sleep quality Human
ASD Not specified Melatonin: From Pharmacokinetics to Clinical Use in Autism Spectrum Disorder. melatonin No effect - adjuvant sleep disorders Human Animal
patients with epilepsy suffering from sleep disorders Not specified The Oxidative Stress in Epilepsy-Focus on Melatonin. melatonin No effect - included sleep disorders Human
elderly patients with Alzheimer dementia Not specified Outpatient treatment of sleep disorders in Alzheimer patients. melatonin No effect - therapeutic use sleep disorders Human
— Not specified (some studies used very large doses). Assessing the efficacy of melatonin to curtail benzodiazepine/Z drug abuse. melatonin No effect - therapeutic use sleep disorders Human
— Not specified (some studies used very large doses). Assessing the efficacy of melatonin to curtail benzodiazepine/Z drug abuse. exogenously administered melatonin Increases - sleep-promoting effects sleep Human
— Not specified (some studies used very large doses). Assessing the efficacy of melatonin to curtail benzodiazepine/Z drug abuse. exogenously administered melatonin Increases - sleep-promoting effects sleep Human
— Not specified (some studies used very large doses). Assessing the efficacy of melatonin to curtail benzodiazepine/Z drug abuse. melatonin No effect - available evidence for the use sleep disorders Human
children with NDDs Not specified Management of Sleep Disorders in Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Review. melatonin receptor agonists No effect - available evidence for the use sleep disorders Human
children with NDDs Not specified Management of Sleep Disorders in Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Review. melatonin No effect - has been widely studied in the treatment of sleep disorders Human
— Not specified Melatonin as a treatment for mood disorders: a systematic review. melatonin Decreases - has demonstrated efficacy sleep disorders Human
— Not specified Therapeutic role of melatonin in migraine prophylaxis: Is there a link between sleep and migraine? melatonin No effect - most used interventions sleep disorders Human
children with neurodevelopmental disorders — Melatonin for sleep disorders in children with neurodevelopmental disorders: protocol for a systematic review with meta-analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis of randomised clinical trials. melatonin No effect - effects sleep disorders Human
children with neurodevelopmental disorders — Melatonin for sleep disorders in children with neurodevelopmental disorders: protocol for a systematic review with meta-analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis of randomised clinical trials. melatonin No effect - should be included in treatment sleep disorders Human
patients with neurodegenerative diseases Not available Sleep in Neurodegenerative Diseases. melatonin Decreases - supporting sleep disorders associated with ADHD Human
individuals with ADHD Not available The management of sleep disturbances in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): an update of the literature. melatonin No effect - treatment with sleep disorders in autism Human
— Not specified Melatonin in children with autistic spectrum disorders: recent and practical data. melatonin No effect - effect on sleep disturbances Human
— Not specified Melatonin in children with autistic spectrum disorders: recent and practical data. Melatonin Decreases - is the most widely researched medication strategy for the management of sleep disorders in autism spectrum disorder Human
patients with autism spectrum disorder Not specified Treatment options for the management of pervasive developmental disorders. melatonin No effect - ineffective sleep disorders in dementia Human
people with dementia Not specified The management of sleep disorders in dementia: an update. melatonin No effect sleep disturbances Human
people with dementia living at home Not specified The management of sleep disorders in dementia: an update. melatonin No effect - therapeutic value sleep disorders in PD Human
PD patients — Melatonin as a Chronobiotic and Cytoprotective Agent in Parkinson's Disease. melatonin Increases - would be expected to improve sleep disorders in schizophrenia Human
schizophrenic patients Not specified Melatonin: an overlooked factor in schizophrenia and in the inhibition of anti-psychotic side effects. melatonin No effect - seems to be well funded sleep disorders of circadian etiology Human
— Not specified Clinical uses of melatonin: evaluation of human trials. melatonin No effect - seems to be well funded sleep disorders related with neurological degenerative diseases Human
— Not specified Clinical uses of melatonin: evaluation of human trials. Melatonin Decreases - may help with sleep disturbance Human
— Not specified Tinnitus: Diagnosis and Management. melatonin Decreases - should be offered if behavioral strategies have not been helpful sleep disturbance Human
children and adolescents with ASD Low dose (specific amount not provided). Practice guideline: Treatment for insomnia and disrupted sleep behavior in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: Report of the Guideline Development, Dissemination, and Implementation Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. melatonin Decreases - benefit on sleep disturbance sleep disturbance Human
children — Melatonin for pre-medication in children: a systematic review. melatonin No effect - lacks robust clinical evidence sleep disturbance Human
patients submitted to joint arthroplasty Not specified Perioperative Use of Melatonin in Joint Arthroplasty: A Critical Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Studies. perioperative melatonin administration Decreases - found variable degrees of success sleep disturbance Human
patients submitted to joint arthroplasty Not specified Perioperative Use of Melatonin in Joint Arthroplasty: A Critical Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Studies. melatonin No effect - could also be involved sleep disturbance Human
children with atopic dermatitis Not available Mechanism of Sleep Disturbance in Children with Atopic Dermatitis and the Role of the Circadian Rhythm and Melatonin. melatonin Decreases - have shown promise sleep disturbance characteristic of delirium Human
severely medically ill patients of all ages Not available The pharmacologic management of delirium in children and adolescents. melatonin Increases - seems to improve sleep disturbance linked to tinnitus Human
— Not specified. Clinical pharmacology of melatonin in the treatment of tinnitus: a review. melatonin Decreases - attenuates sleep disturbance, mood changes, and cognitive impairment Human
— — Melatonin for premenstrual syndrome: A potential remedy but not ready. melatonin No effect - assess impact upon sleep disturbance of partners Human
MS patients 2 mg at bedtime. Protocol for a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, crossover trial of Melatonin for treatment of Nocturia in adults with Multiple Sclerosis (MeNiMS). melatonin No effect - assess impact upon sleep quality Human
MS patients 2 mg at bedtime. Protocol for a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, crossover trial of Melatonin for treatment of Nocturia in adults with Multiple Sclerosis (MeNiMS). melatonin No effect - effect on sleep disturbances Human
participants 25 mg melatonin administered rectally daily. Effect of melatonin in patients with low anterior resection syndrome (MELLARS): a study protocol for a randomised, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. melatonin No effect - has recently seen an unexpected extension of its functional implications toward sleep disturbances Human Animal
— Not available Understanding melatonin receptor pharmacology: latest insights from mouse models, and their relevance to human disease. melatonin No effect - has recently seen an unexpected extension of its functional implications toward sleep disturbances Human Animal
— Not available Understanding melatonin receptor pharmacology: latest insights from mouse models, and their relevance to human disease. melatonin Decreases - attenuates sleep disturbances Human
hemodialyzed patients suffering from a relative melatonin deficiency Not specified Melatonin and renal protection: novel perspectives from animal experiments and human studies (review). melatonin No effect - supports as the safest choice sleep disturbances Human
children with neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDDs) Not specified Practitioner Review: Treatment of chronic insomnia in children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disabilities. melatonin Decreases - approved to reduce sleep disturbances Human
patients with ASD Not available Retracing our steps: A review on autism research in children, its limitation and impending pharmacological interventions. melatonin Increases - are commonly used as adjunctive therapies sleep disturbances Human
AD patients Not specified Pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options for sleep disturbances in Alzheimer's disease. melatonin Decreases - ameliorating sleep disturbances Human
individuals with ASD Not specified Melatonin Interventions in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Sleep Regulation, Behavioral Outcomes, and Challenges Across the Lifespan. melatonin Decreases - alleviates sleep disturbances Human
patients with epilepsy-related complications — Altered MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptors expression in the hippocampus of pilocarpine-induced epileptic rats. melatonin Increases - showing a large effect size, favoring melatonin sleep duration Human
children and adolescents with ASD Not specified Sleep Disorders in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Diagnosis, Epidemiology, and Management. melatonin Decreases - showing a large effect size, favoring melatonin sleep-onset latency Human
children and adolescents with ASD Not specified Sleep Disorders in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Diagnosis, Epidemiology, and Management. melatonin Increases - significantly improved sleep duration Human
breast cancer patients undergoing hormone therapy 6 mg daily Melatonin Aids in Treating Mood and Sleep Problems Resulting from Hormonal Therapy in Breast Cancer Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial. melatonin Increases - significantly improved sleep latency Human
breast cancer patients undergoing hormone therapy 6 mg daily Melatonin Aids in Treating Mood and Sleep Problems Resulting from Hormonal Therapy in Breast Cancer Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial. melatonin Increases - significantly improved sleep quality Human
breast cancer patients undergoing hormone therapy 6 mg daily Melatonin Aids in Treating Mood and Sleep Problems Resulting from Hormonal Therapy in Breast Cancer Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial. melatonin Decreases - reduced use of sleep-promoting medication Human
breast cancer patients undergoing hormone therapy 6 mg daily Melatonin Aids in Treating Mood and Sleep Problems Resulting from Hormonal Therapy in Breast Cancer Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial. melatonin supplementation Decreases - effectively alleviated sleep disturbances caused by hormone therapy Human
breast cancer patients 6 mg daily Melatonin Aids in Treating Mood and Sleep Problems Resulting from Hormonal Therapy in Breast Cancer Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial. melatonin Decreases - may be a potential treatment target sleep dysfunction Human
children with ASDs Not specified Common neurological co-morbidities in autism spectrum disorders. melatonin Increases - was significantly higher than among those given the placebo Sleep efficiency Human
paediatric patients suffering from severe epileptic disorders 3 mg nightly. Normalization of the sleep-wake pattern and melatonin and 6-sulphatoxy-melatonin levels after a therapeutic trial with melatonin in children with severe epilepsy. Melatonin Increases - exhibited a positive response, with higher sleep efficiency Human
ADHD patients Not specified To sleep or not to sleep: a systematic review of the literature of pharmacological treatments of insomnia in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Melatonin Decreases - exhibited a positive response, with reduced sleep latency Human
ADHD patients Not specified To sleep or not to sleep: a systematic review of the literature of pharmacological treatments of insomnia in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Melatonin Increases - exhibited a positive response, with higher total sleep time Human
ADHD patients Not specified To sleep or not to sleep: a systematic review of the literature of pharmacological treatments of insomnia in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. melatonin Increases - increased sleep efficiency Human
patients with schizophrenia Not specified Treatment Options for Insomnia in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review. melatonin Increases - increased total duration of sleep Human
patients with schizophrenia Not specified Treatment Options for Insomnia in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review. melatonin Increases - had significant effect on increasing sleep efficiency Human
patients with cancer 3 mg to 20 mg, usually taken nightly before bedtime The effect of melatonin on sleep quality and insomnia in patients with cancer: a systematic review study. melatonin No effect - showed no significant improvement on sleep quality Human
patients with cancer 3 mg to 20 mg, usually taken nightly before bedtime The effect of melatonin on sleep quality and insomnia in patients with cancer: a systematic review study. oral melatonin administration Increases - had a significant effect on sleep quality and insomnia Human
patients with cancer 3 mg to 20 mg, usually taken nightly before bedtime The effect of melatonin on sleep quality and insomnia in patients with cancer: a systematic review study. melatonin Increases - enhance sleep efficiency Human
— Not specified Efficacy of melatonin for prolonged disorders of consciousness: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial. melatonin Increases - may be important for improvements sleep efficiency Human Animal Molecular
insomniacs Not specified (higher doses used in vivo) Pharmacological characterization of M-II, the major human metabolite of ramelteon. melatonin Increases - may be important for improvements sleep efficiency Human Animal Molecular
insomniacs Not specified (higher doses used in vivo) Pharmacological characterization of M-II, the major human metabolite of ramelteon. melatonin Decreases - plays a key role in sleep induction Human
— — Bioavailability of Oniria melatonin Decreases - reducing sleep onset latency Human
— — Bioavailability of Oniria Melatonin Decreases - significantly reduced sleep latency Human
participants with MCI/mild AD dementia Not specified Pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to enhance sleep in mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review. Melatonin Decreases - significantly reduced sleep to wakefulness transitions Human
participants with MCI/mild AD dementia Not specified Pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to enhance sleep in mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review. melatonin Decreases - reduced sleep latency Human
persons with ID and chronic insomnia 5 mg (2.5 mg for those under 6 years old) daily. Melatonin decreases daytime challenging behaviour in persons with intellectual disability and chronic insomnia. melatonin Increases - increased total sleep time Human
persons with ID and chronic insomnia 5 mg (2.5 mg for those under 6 years old) daily. Melatonin decreases daytime challenging behaviour in persons with intellectual disability and chronic insomnia. melatonin Decreases - improved effect sleep latency Human
participants aged 3 months to 18 years who had both a visual impairment and a sleep disorder Not available Therapeutic options in the management of sleep disorders in visually impaired children: a systematic review. melatonin Decreases - can shorten sleep latency Human
dementias and PD Not specified Insomnia in central neurologic diseases--occurrence and management. melatonin Increases - can stabilize sleep-wake circadian rhythm Human
dementias and PD Not specified Insomnia in central neurologic diseases--occurrence and management. melatonin (MLT) Decreases - significant sleep latency Human
— Not specified Melatonin and health: an umbrella review of health outcomes and biological mechanisms of action. melatonin Decreases - reduces sleep latency Human
— 0.5–3 mg (children), 3–5 mg (adolescents), 1–5 mg (adults), 1–6 mg (elderly). Regulatory aspects and evidences of melatonin use for sleep disorders and insomnia: an integrative review. melatonin Decreases - improvements in sleep latency and night waking were consistently found sleep latency and night waking Human
CP patients with sleep problems/disorders Not specified Interventions with a sleep outcome for children with cerebral palsy or a post-traumatic brain injury: a systematic review. melatonin Increases - improvements in total sleep time total sleep time Human
some subjects Not specified Interventions with a sleep outcome for children with cerebral palsy or a post-traumatic brain injury: a systematic review. melatonin Decreases - lower sleep latency sleep latency for EEG Human
children Not specified Melatonin for non-operating room sedation in paediatric population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. melatonin No effect - was taken sleep medication use Human
children with ADHD Not available Use of sleep medication in children with ADHD. melatonin Decreases - correlated significantly with treatment effect sleep onset (SO) Human
— 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 mg/kg melatonin administered once daily. Dose finding of melatonin for chronic idiopathic childhood sleep onset insomnia: an RCT. melatonin Increases - significantly advanced sleep onset (SO) Human
children between 6 and 12 years with chronic sleep onset insomnia (CSOI) 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 mg/kg melatonin administered once daily. Dose finding of melatonin for chronic idiopathic childhood sleep onset insomnia: an RCT. melatonin Decreases - decreased sleep onset latency (SOL) Human
children between 6 and 12 years with chronic sleep onset insomnia (CSOI) 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 mg/kg melatonin administered once daily. Dose finding of melatonin for chronic idiopathic childhood sleep onset insomnia: an RCT. melatonin Decreases - was correlated with sleep onset (SO) shift Human
— 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 mg/kg melatonin administered once daily. Dose finding of melatonin for chronic idiopathic childhood sleep onset insomnia: an RCT. melatonin Increases - increases with an earlier circadian time of administration sleep onset (SO), sleep onset latency (SOL), and dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) Human
— 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 mg/kg melatonin administered once daily. Dose finding of melatonin for chronic idiopathic childhood sleep onset insomnia: an RCT. melatonin 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 mg/kg No effect - effect size was not different sleep onset (SO), sleep onset latency (SOL), and dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) Human
children with CSOI 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 mg/kg melatonin administered once daily. Dose finding of melatonin for chronic idiopathic childhood sleep onset insomnia: an RCT. Melatonin Increases - slightly improves sleep onset and sleep duration Human
— Not specified Insomnia in Elderly Patients: Recommendations for Pharmacological Management. melatonin Decreases - RCTs support the use sleep-onset delay Human
youths with ADHD Not specified Assessment and management of sleep problems in youths with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. melatonin No effect - was an effective and tolerable drug sleep onset insomnia Human
children and adolescents Not specified Efficacy and safety of melatonin for sleep onset insomnia in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. melatonin Decreases - decreased sleep onset latency (SOL) Human
children and adolescents with sleep onset insomnia Not specified Efficacy and safety of melatonin for sleep onset insomnia in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. melatonin Decreases - advanced more than patients receiving placebo sleep onset time (SOT) Human
children and adolescents with sleep onset insomnia Not specified Efficacy and safety of melatonin for sleep onset insomnia in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. melatonin Increases - increased total sleep time (TST) Human
children and adolescents with sleep onset insomnia Not specified Efficacy and safety of melatonin for sleep onset insomnia in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Melatonin Decreases - reduced sleep onset latency Human
patients with insomnia — MT Melatonin Increases - improved sleep quality Human
patients with insomnia — MT Melatonin Increases - increased total sleep time Human
patients with insomnia — MT melatonin Decreases - greater effectiveness sleep onset latency (SOL) Human
healthy pediatric populations Not available Non-pharmacological and melatonin interventions for pediatric sleep initiation and maintenance problems: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. melatonin Decreases - reduced sleep onset latency Human
children aged 3 years to 15 years 8 months with neurodevelopmental disorders and a severe sleep problem Started at 0.5 mg, increased to 2 mg, 6 mg, or 12 mg depending on response, administered 45 minutes before bedtime. Melatonin for sleep problems in children with neurodevelopmental disorders: randomised double masked placebo controlled trial. melatonin Decreases - reduced sleep onset latency Human
children aged 3 years to 15 years 8 months with neurodevelopmental disorders and a severe sleep problem Started at 0.5 mg, increased to 2 mg, 6 mg, or 12 mg depending on response, administered 45 minutes before bedtime. Melatonin for sleep problems in children with neurodevelopmental disorders: randomised double masked placebo controlled trial. melatonin Decreases - was most effective for children with the longest sleep latency sleep onset latency Human
children with the longest sleep latency Started at 0.5 mg, increased to 2 mg, 6 mg, or 12 mg depending on response, administered 45 minutes before bedtime. Melatonin for sleep problems in children with neurodevelopmental disorders: randomised double masked placebo controlled trial. melatonin Increases - increased total sleep time Human
children aged 3 years to 15 years 8 months with neurodevelopmental disorders and a severe sleep problem Started at 0.5 mg, increased to 2 mg, 6 mg, or 12 mg depending on response, administered 45 minutes before bedtime. Melatonin for sleep problems in children with neurodevelopmental disorders: randomised double masked placebo controlled trial. melatonin Increases - increased total sleep time Human
children aged 3 years to 15 years 8 months with neurodevelopmental disorders and a severe sleep problem Started at 0.5 mg, increased to 2 mg, 6 mg, or 12 mg depending on response, administered 45 minutes before bedtime. Melatonin for sleep problems in children with neurodevelopmental disorders: randomised double masked placebo controlled trial. Melatonin Decreases - led to a reduction in sleep onset latency Human
adults with insomnia disorder with or without comorbidities Not specified Complementary and alternative treatments for insomnia disorder: a systematic umbrella review. Melatonin Decreases - reduced sleep onset latency Human
older adults with insomnia — Melatonin receptor ligands: A pharmaco-chemical perspective. Melatonin Increases - improved sleep quality Human
older adults with insomnia — Melatonin receptor ligands: A pharmaco-chemical perspective. Melatonin Increases - increased total sleep time Human
older adults with insomnia — Melatonin receptor ligands: A pharmaco-chemical perspective. melatonin Decreases - reduction in SOL, adjusted for baseline, was seen for melatonin compared with placebo when measured by sleep diaries sleep-onset latency (SOL) Human
children with neurodevelopmental problems 0.5 mg, 2 mg, 6 mg, and 12 mg capsules, with dose escalation over the first 4 weeks. The use of MElatonin in children with neurodevelopmental disorders and impaired sleep: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study (MENDS). melatonin Decreases - reduction in SOL, adjusted for baseline, was seen for melatonin compared with placebo when measured by actigraphy sleep-onset latency (SOL) Human
children with neurodevelopmental problems 0.5 mg, 2 mg, 6 mg, and 12 mg capsules, with dose escalation over the first 4 weeks. The use of MElatonin in children with neurodevelopmental disorders and impaired sleep: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study (MENDS). melatonin Decreases - effective in reducing SOL in children with neurodevelopmental delay by a mean of sleep-onset latency (SOL) Human
children with neurodevelopmental delay 0.5 mg, 2 mg, 6 mg, and 12 mg capsules, with dose escalation over the first 4 weeks. The use of MElatonin in children with neurodevelopmental disorders and impaired sleep: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study (MENDS). melatonin Increases - difference in TST time between the melatonin and placebo groups adjusted for baseline was total night-time sleep time (TST) Human
children with neurodevelopmental problems 0.5 mg, 2 mg, 6 mg, and 12 mg capsules, with dose escalation over the first 4 weeks. The use of MElatonin in children with neurodevelopmental disorders and impaired sleep: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study (MENDS). melatonin Increases - children treated with melatonin slept total night-time sleep time Human
children with neurodevelopmental delay 0.5 mg, 2 mg, 6 mg, and 12 mg capsules, with dose escalation over the first 4 weeks. The use of MElatonin in children with neurodevelopmental disorders and impaired sleep: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study (MENDS). immediate-release melatonin Increases - beneficial compared with placebo in improving total duration of night-time sleep Human
children with neurodevelopmental problems 0.5 mg, 2 mg, 6 mg, and 12 mg capsules, with dose escalation over the first 4 weeks. The use of MElatonin in children with neurodevelopmental disorders and impaired sleep: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study (MENDS). melatonin Decreases - improvements were reported sleep-onset latency Human
children with ADHD Not specified in the abstract. Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of Drugs for Treating Behavioural Insomnia in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review with Methodological Quality Assessment. melatonin Increases - improvements were reported total sleep duration Human
children with ADHD Not specified in the abstract. Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of Drugs for Treating Behavioural Insomnia in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review with Methodological Quality Assessment. melatonin No effect - had no significant impact sleep-onset latency Human
children diagnosed with atopic dermatitis (AD) 6 mg/d melatonin The effects of melatonin administration on disease severity and sleep quality in children with atopic dermatitis: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. melatonin No effect - had no significant impact total sleep time Human
children diagnosed with atopic dermatitis (AD) 6 mg/d melatonin The effects of melatonin administration on disease severity and sleep quality in children with atopic dermatitis: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. melatonin Decreases - associated with a significant decrease sleep onset latency time Human
each of the disorders reviewed Not specified Melatonin Treatment in Children with Developmental Disabilities. melatonin No effect - 1 notable exception sleep onset latency time Human
tuberous sclerosis Not specified Melatonin Treatment in Children with Developmental Disabilities. melatonin Decreases - commonly recommended to treat sleep problems Human
children with developmental disabilities Not specified Melatonin Treatment in Children with Developmental Disabilities. melatonin No effect - suggest that clinicians not use sleep onset or sleep maintenance insomnia Human
adults Not specified Clinical Practice Guideline for the Pharmacologic Treatment of Chronic Insomnia in Adults: An American Academy of Sleep Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline. melatonin No effect - had no effect on sleep outcomes Human
TJA patients Not available How Do We Improve Sleep Quality After Total Joint Arthroplasty? A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. melatonin No effect - possible mechanism contributing to the sleep-pain relationship sleep-pain relationship Human
adult and pediatric populations Not specified Sleep and pain: recent insights, mechanisms, and future directions in the investigation of this relationship. melatonin Decreases - review the benefits sleep problems Human
children with NDD Not specified Treatment strategies for complex behavioral insomnia in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Melatonin Decreases - is an effective treatment sleep problems Human
children with ADHD Not available Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Sleep in Children. melatonin Decreases - potential choices for sleep problems Human
ADHD children with more severe sleep problems Not specified Sleep Problems in Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Current Status of Knowledge and Appropriate Management. melatonin Decreases - can be helpful in reducing sleep problems Human
children and adolescents with ASD Not specified An update on pharmacotherapy of autism spectrum disorder in children and adolescents. Melatonin No effect - mixed outcomes for the effectiveness sleep problems Human
individuals with Angelman Syndrome (AS) Not specified Interventions to improve sleep for individuals with Angelman syndrome: A systematic review. melatonin Decreases - may be of value sleep problems Human
neurodivergent children Low doses (specific amount not provided). Therapeutic Dilemma: Melatonin or not? melatonin No effect - no evidence that melatonin is of utility sleep problems Human
otherwise well children Low doses (specific amount not provided). Therapeutic Dilemma: Melatonin or not? melatonin Decreases - may be useful to treat sleep problems Human
children Not specified Autism spectrum disorder: Consensus guidelines on assessment, treatment and research from the British Association for Psychopharmacology. Melatonin Increases - has value as sleep-promoting agent Human
children Not specified Update on the use of melatonin in pediatrics. melatonin No effect - resulted in no benefits to sleep quality Human
menopausal women 1 mg to 5 mg (varied by study). Effects of exogenous melatonin on sleep quality and menopausal symptoms in menopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. melatonin (5mg) Increases - improved sleep quality Human
females, aged 20-40 years, with myofascial TMD pain 5mg daily. Analgesic and sedative effects of melatonin in temporomandibular disorders: a double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study. melatonin Increases - improved sleep quality Human
Forty females, aged 18 to 45 years 10 mg melatonin daily. Efficacy of melatonin in the treatment of endometriosis: a phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. melatonin Increases - improves sleep quality Human
patients with AD and PD Not specified Exogenous melatonin for sleep disorders in neurodegenerative diseases: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. melatonin Increases - effectively improved the clinical and neurophysiological aspects of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) Human
elderly individuals with underlying neurodegenerative disorders Not specified Exogenous melatonin for sleep disorders in neurodegenerative diseases: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. exogenous melatonin No effect - not on objective sleep outcomes Human
both AD and PD patients Not specified Exogenous melatonin for sleep disorders in neurodegenerative diseases: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. exogenous melatonin Increases - has positive effects on sleep quality as assessed by changes in PSQI component 4 Human
AD patients Not specified Exogenous melatonin for sleep disorders in neurodegenerative diseases: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. exogenous melatonin Increases - has positive effects on sleep quality as assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Human
PD patients Not specified Exogenous melatonin for sleep disorders in neurodegenerative diseases: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. melatonin Increases - appears to be effective and safe in improving sleep quality Human
patients with AD Not specified in the abstract. Meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of melatonin in Alzheimer's disease. melatonin treatment Increases - showed prolonged total sleep time at night Human
AD patients Not specified in the abstract. Meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of melatonin in Alzheimer's disease. melatonin Increases - showed a significant advantage over oxazepam in improving sleep quality Human
STEMI patients managed with primary PCI 3 mg every night Comparison of the Effects of Melatonin and Oxazepam on Anxiety Levels and Sleep Quality in Patients With ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Following Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Randomized Clinical Trial. melatonin Increases - could be more effective than oxazepam in improving sleep quality Human
patients presenting with STEMI 3 mg every night Comparison of the Effects of Melatonin and Oxazepam on Anxiety Levels and Sleep Quality in Patients With ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Following Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Randomized Clinical Trial. melatonin Increases - significantly beneficial to improve sleep quality Human
— Not specified Efficacy of dietary supplements on improving sleep quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. melatonin No effect - showed no difference in sleep quality Human
ICU patients — Sleep in the intensive care unit. melatonin (MLT) No effect - had no significant effect on sleep quality Human
patients with cancer — Effect of melatonin on quality of life and symptoms in patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. melatonin No effect - no statistically significant differences sleep quality Human
patients — Oral melatonin did not reduce anxiety before elective hernia repair: A randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Melatonin Increases - is a potential therapeutic intervention for improving sleep quality Human
people with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) — Melatonin for sleep disorders in people with autism: Systematic review and meta-analysis. melatonin Increases - presented a positive effect on total sleep time Human
people with ASD — Melatonin for sleep disorders in people with autism: Systematic review and meta-analysis. melatonin Increases - can favor sleep quality Human
— Not specified Therapeutic effects of melatonin on endometriosis, targeting molecular pathways: Current knowledge and future perspective. melatonin Increases - improvement of sleep quality Human
— Not specified Significance of Melatonin in the Regulation of Circadian Rhythms and Disease Management. Melatonin Increases - found to provide a clinically important benefit sleep quality Human
patients after total joint arthroplasty (TJA) Not specified Which Interventions Are Effective in Treating Sleep Disturbances After THA or TKA? A Systematic Review. melatonin Increases - significantly increased sleep quality Human
— Not specified Melatonin as a Novel Drug to Improve Cardiac Function and Quality of Life in Heart Failure Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Melatonin Increases - has been shown to improve sleep quality Human
Parkinson's disease (PD) patients Not specified Parkinson's disease: News on the action of melatonin. melatonin Increases - perhaps improvement sleep quality Human Animal
women receiving melatonin vs placebo — Biological effects of melatonin on osteoblast/osteoclast cocultures, bone, and quality of life: Implications of a role for MT2 melatonin receptors, MEK1/2, and MEK5 in melatonin-mediated osteoblastogenesis. melatonin Increases - improved sleep quality Human
human participants — Differential Function of Melatonin MT Melatonin Increases - improved sleep quality Human
human participants — Nociceptive responses in melatonin MT melatonin Increases - improves sleep quality Human
critically ill patients Not mentioned Oxidative stress in sepsis: Pathophysiological implications justifying antioxidant co-therapy. melatonin Increases - improving sleep quality Human Animal
— — An Integrative Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Study Revealed That Melatonin Plays a Protective Role in Chronic Lung Inflammation by Reducing Necroptosis. melatonin No effect - did not significantly change sleep quality Human
BMS patients 12 mg/day Melatonin Treatment in Patients with Burning Mouth Syndrome: A Triple-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Randomized Clinical Trial. melatonin Decreases - had significant effect on sleep quality as assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Human
adults with various diseases Not specified Effect of melatonin supplementation on sleep quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. exogenous melatonin No effect - has positive effects on sleep quality as assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Human
adults with other diseases Not specified Effect of melatonin supplementation on sleep quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. exogenous melatonin Decreases - has positive effects on sleep quality as assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Human
adult Not specified Effect of melatonin supplementation on sleep quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. exogenous melatonin Decreases - has positive effects on sleep quality as assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Human
adults with respiratory diseases Not specified Effect of melatonin supplementation on sleep quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. exogenous melatonin Decreases - has positive effects on sleep quality as assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Human
adults with metabolic disorders Not specified Effect of melatonin supplementation on sleep quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. exogenous melatonin Decreases - has positive effects on sleep quality as assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Human
adults with primary sleep disorders Not specified Effect of melatonin supplementation on sleep quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. exogenous melatonin No effect - has positive effects on sleep quality as assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Human
adults with mental disorders Not specified Effect of melatonin supplementation on sleep quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. exogenous melatonin No effect - has positive effects on sleep quality as assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Human
adults with neurodegenerative diseases Not specified Effect of melatonin supplementation on sleep quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. melatonin No effect - did not improve sleep quality measured by VAS Human
adult patients who underwent surgery under general or regional anesthesia Short duration (night before and/or day of surgery) in four studies; exact dosage not specified. Effects of melatonin on postoperative sleep quality: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and trial sequential analysis. melatonin supplementation No effect - does not improve postoperative sleep quality measured with the VAS Human
adult patients Short duration (night before and/or day of surgery) in four studies; exact dosage not specified. Effects of melatonin on postoperative sleep quality: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and trial sequential analysis. melatonin (10 mg) Increases - was effective in improving sleep quality the night before surgery Human
patients who had undergone surgical treatment of a zygomatic fracture 10 mg (one tablet the night before surgery and another 2 hours before surgery). Is There a Benefit to the Use of Melatonin in Preoperative Zygomatic Fractures? melatonin Decreases - should be treated to prevent injury sleep-related injuries Human
patients with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder 3-12 mg REM Sleep Behavior Disorder in Parkinson's Disease and Other Synucleinopathies. Melatonin Increases - have a role in facilitating sleep schedule changes sleep schedule changes Human
athletes Not specified Medications for Sleep Schedule Adjustments in Athletes. melatonin Increases - synchronizes sleep-wake cycle Human
blind people and in individuals suffering from circadian rhythm sleep disorders, like delayed sleep phase syndrome, jet lag or shift-work Not specified The use of chronobiotics in the resynchronization of the sleep/wake cycle. Therapeutical application in the early phases of Alzheimer's disease. daily evening melatonin Increases - improves sleep quality and cognitive performance Human
MCI Not specified The use of chronobiotics in the resynchronization of the sleep/wake cycle. Therapeutical application in the early phases of Alzheimer's disease. melatonin replacement Increases - effective to treat sundowning and other sleep wake disorders Human
fully developed AD Not specified The use of chronobiotics in the resynchronization of the sleep/wake cycle. Therapeutical application in the early phases of Alzheimer's disease. melatonin Increases - can help to recover sleep-wake cycle Human
— Not specified Some implications of melatonin use in chronopharmacology of insomnia. melatonin No effect - is the main hormone involved in the control of sleep-wake cycle Human
— — Melatonin in sleep disorders. melatonin deficit No effect - is at least partly responsible for sleep disorders Human
— — Melatonin in sleep disorders. melatonin No effect - regulates sleep-wake cycle, gonadal activity, redox homeostasis, immune functions, and anticarcinogenic effects Molecular
normal physiological state — Melatonin: A Potential Antineoplastic Agent in Breast Cancer. melatonin No effect - regulates sleep-wake cycle, gonadal activity, redox homeostasis, immune functions, and anticarcinogenic effects Molecular
normal physiological state — Melatonin: A Potential Antineoplastic Agent in Breast Cancer. melatonin No effect - regulates sleep-wake cycles Human
humans — No title available melatonin No effect - is implicated in sleep-wake regulation Human
— Not specified A new perspective in Oral health: potential importance and actions of melatonin receptors MT1, MT2, MT3, and RZR/ROR in the oral cavity. melatonin No effect - is implicated in sleep-wake regulation Human
— Not specified A new perspective in Oral health: potential importance and actions of melatonin receptors MT1, MT2, MT3, and RZR/ROR in the oral cavity. Melatonin No effect - used as a medicine to treat some types of sleep disorders Human
— Not specified. New Uses of Melatonin as a Drug; A Review. Melatonin No effect - used as a medicine to treat some types of sleep disorders Human
— Not specified. New Uses of Melatonin as a Drug; A Review. Melatonin No effect - causing state of sleep at night and wakefulness during the day Human
— Not specified. New Uses of Melatonin as a Drug; A Review. Melatonin No effect - causing state of sleep at night and wakefulness during the day Human
— Not specified. New Uses of Melatonin as a Drug; A Review. melatonin Increases - improving the quality of sleep Human
— — Sleep, Dietary Melatonin Supplementation, and COVID-19. Melatonin (doses ≤4 mg) No effect - showed no significant improvement total Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores Human
patients with PD ≤4 mg (ineffective) vs. >4 mg (effective). The effect of melatonin on sleep quality and daytime sleepiness in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. Melatonin (doses >4 mg) Decreases - demonstrated a stronger effect total Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores Human
patients with PD ≤4 mg (ineffective) vs. >4 mg (effective). The effect of melatonin on sleep quality and daytime sleepiness in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. melatonin Increases - estimated adjusted means for the total sleep effectiveness total sleep effectiveness Human
hospitalized patients Not specified Comparison of Melatonin and Zolpidem for Sleep in an Academic Community Hospital: An Analysis of Patient Perception and Inpatient Outcomes. melatonin No effect - are often employed based on historical usage treatment of disturbed sleep in Alzheimer's disease Human
patients with Alzheimer's disease Not specified Impact of Pharmacotherapy on Insomnia in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease. melatonin Decreases - recommendations against the use treatment of intrinsic circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders Human
demented elderly patients Not specified Clinical Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Intrinsic Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders: Advanced Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder (ASWPD), Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder (DSWPD), Non-24-Hour Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disorder (N24SWD), and Irregular Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disorder (ISWRD). An Update for 2015: An American Academy of Sleep Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline. strategically timed melatonin Increases - positive endorsement (at a second-tier degree of confidence) treatment of intrinsic circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders Human
adults with DSWPD, blind adults with N24SWD, and children/adolescents with ISWRD and comorbid neurological disorders Not specified Clinical Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Intrinsic Circadian Rhythm Sleep-Wake Disorders: Advanced Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder (ASWPD), Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder (DSWPD), Non-24-Hour Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disorder (N24SWD), and Irregular Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disorder (ISWRD). An Update for 2015: An American Academy of Sleep Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline. melatonin No effect - sufficient evidence treatment of sleep disorders in ASD Human
patients with ASD (aged 0-18 years) Not specified Using pharmacotherapy to address sleep disturbances in autism spectrum disorders. melatonin No effect - regulates wake-sleep rhythm Human
— Not specified The role of melatonin in Multiple Sclerosis. exogenous melatonin Decreases - recommendations for the use circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders Human
— — Drugs Used in Circadian Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disturbances. melatonin and other melatonin receptor agonists Increases - summarizes their sleep-enhancing properties sleep Human
— — Drugs Used in Circadian Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disturbances. Exogenous melatonin Decreases - has demonstrated efficacy in treating delayed sleep phase disorder Human
— Not specified Melatonin and Melatonin Agonists as Adjunctive Treatments in Bipolar Disorders. Exogenous melatonin Increases - improving overall sleep quality Human
— Not specified Melatonin and Melatonin Agonists as Adjunctive Treatments in Bipolar Disorders. Exogenous melatonin Increases - improving sleep parameters Human
— Not specified Melatonin and Melatonin Agonists as Adjunctive Treatments in Bipolar Disorders. melatonin-agonists Decreases - treat insomnia, sleep delayed latencies and sleep abnormalities in BD Human
patients with BD Not specified Melatonin and Melatonin Agonists as Adjunctive Treatments in Bipolar Disorders. melatonin-agonists Decreases - propose as an adjunctive treatment sleep disorders in BD Human
patients with BD Not specified Melatonin and Melatonin Agonists as Adjunctive Treatments in Bipolar Disorders. Exogenous melatonin No effect - appears to have modest efficacy in treating insomnia and circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders Human
— — Current Insights into the Risks of Using Melatonin as a Treatment for Sleep Disorders in Older Adults. Exogenous melatonin No effect - is commonly used for sleep disorders Human
older adults — Current Insights into the Risks of Using Melatonin as a Treatment for Sleep Disorders in Older Adults. exogenous melatonin No effect - no significant differences in objective measures of sleep Human
individuals who reported difficulty sleeping Not specified Sleep deficits in the High Arctic summer in relation to light exposure and behaviour: use of melatonin as a countermeasure. exogenous melatonin Decreases - led to an improvement in subjective sleep difficulty Human
individuals who reported difficulty sleeping Not specified Sleep deficits in the High Arctic summer in relation to light exposure and behaviour: use of melatonin as a countermeasure. Exogenous melatonin Decreases - is used for other sleep disturbances Human
— — Perioperative melatonin use. exogenous melatonin Increases - most frequently reported other sleep-related adverse events Human
subjects with sleep disorders Daily doses ranged from 0.15 mg to 12 mg. Adverse Events Associated with Melatonin for the Treatment of Primary or Secondary Sleep Disorders: A Systematic Review. exogenous melatonin Increases - beneficial effect sleep Human
individuals with ASD Not specified Melatonin for disordered sleep in individuals with autism spectrum disorders: systematic review and discussion. exogenous melatonin Increases - as a measure to improve sleep Human
— Not specified Potential use of melatonin in sleep and delirium in the critically ill. exogenous melatonin Increases - strongest evidence on promoting sleep sleep Human
children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) Not specified Sleep in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Exogenous melatonin Increases - a sleep-inducing (soporific) action appears to occur sleep Human
null 0.125mg (small dose mentioned for chronobiotic action; dose-effect relationship noted for sleep-inducing effects). The use of melatonin in adult psychiatric disorders: Expert recommendations by the French institute of medical research on sleep (SFRMS). exogenous melatonin (5mg) Increases - improved sleep continuity Human
DSPS patients with depressive symptoms (Group I) and without depressive symptoms (Group II) 5mg melatonin Antidepressant action of melatonin in the treatment of Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome. exogenous melatonin Increases - widely used for the management of sleep disorders Human
visually impaired children Not available Melatonin for non-respiratory sleep disorders in visually impaired children. melatonin therapy No effect - no high quality data to support or refute the use of sleep disorders Human
visually impaired children Not available Melatonin for non-respiratory sleep disorders in visually impaired children. exogenous melatonin No effect - is used in the treatment of sleep disorders and jet leg Human
— Not specified Analgesic, anxiolytic and anaesthetic effects of melatonin: new potential uses in pediatrics. Exogenous melatonin Decreases - induces drowsiness and sleep and may ameliorate sleep disturbances sleep disturbances, including the nocturnal awakenings associated with old age and the menopausal transition Human
old age and the menopausal transition — Sleep Disorders in Postmenopausal Women. more potent melatonin analogs (selective melatonin-1 (MT1) and melatonin-2 (MT2) receptor agonists) with prolonged effects and slow-release melatonin preparations Increases - were found effective in increasing sleep efficiency Human
insomnia patients — Sleep Disorders in Postmenopausal Women. more potent melatonin analogs (selective melatonin-1 (MT1) and melatonin-2 (MT2) receptor agonists) with prolonged effects and slow-release melatonin preparations Decreases - were found effective in reducing sleep latency Human
insomnia patients — Sleep Disorders in Postmenopausal Women. more potent melatonin analogs (selective melatonin-1 (MT1) and melatonin-2 (MT2) receptor agonists) with prolonged effects and slow-release melatonin preparations Increases - were found effective in increasing total sleep time Human
insomnia patients — Sleep Disorders in Postmenopausal Women. exogenous melatonin No effect - has little if any effect on sleep efficiency Human
patients with secondary sleep disorders Not specified Exogenous melatonin as a treatment for secondary sleep disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. exogenous melatonin Decreases - lowers sleep onset latency Human
patients with secondary sleep disorders Not specified Exogenous melatonin as a treatment for secondary sleep disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. exogenous melatonin Increases - increases total sleep time Human
patients with secondary sleep disorders Not specified Exogenous melatonin as a treatment for secondary sleep disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. exogenous melatonin Decreases - reducing sleep onset latency Human
patients with primary insomnia Not specified Evidence for the efficacy of melatonin in the treatment of primary adult sleep disorders. exogenous melatonin Decreases - reducing sleep onset latency Human
patients with delayed sleep phase syndrome Not specified Evidence for the efficacy of melatonin in the treatment of primary adult sleep disorders. exogenous melatonin Increases - regulating sleep-wake patterns Human
blind patients Not specified Evidence for the efficacy of melatonin in the treatment of primary adult sleep disorders. exogenous melatonin Decreases - lessened sleep onset latency Human
shift worker health personnel suffering from sleep disorders — The Effects of the Exogenous Melatonin on Shift Work Sleep Disorder in Health Personnel: A Systematic Review. exogenous melatonin Increases - increased total sleep period Human
shift worker health personnel suffering from sleep disorders — The Effects of the Exogenous Melatonin on Shift Work Sleep Disorder in Health Personnel: A Systematic Review. exogenous melatonin (exo-MEL) No effect - lack of consistency of its described effects sleep-promoting properties Human
— Not specified Melatonin as a Chronobiotic with Sleep-promoting Properties. exogenous melatonin (exo-MEL) No effect - chronobiotic properties sleep-promoting properties Human
— Not specified Melatonin as a Chronobiotic with Sleep-promoting Properties. exogenous melatonin (exo-MEL) No effect - sleep-inducing properties sleep-promoting properties Human
— Not specified Melatonin as a Chronobiotic with Sleep-promoting Properties. exogenous melatonin Increases - documented improved sleep quality Human
— Not specified Melatonin in Critical Care. exogenous melatonin Increases - has been shown to improve sleep structure and psychotic symptoms Human
schizophrenia Not specified Circadian rhythms and clock genes in psychotic disorders. exogenous melatonin No effect - did not observe a difference sleep-wake cycle Human
children with therapy-resistant MNE Not specified Melatonin treatment in children with therapy-resistant monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis. exogenous melatonin No effect - did not observe a change sleep-wake cycle Human
this select group of patients Not specified Melatonin treatment in children with therapy-resistant monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis. Exogenous melatonin Increases - has been shown to be useful and safe in improving sleep-wake cycles and quality of sleep Human
children Not specified Use of Nutraceutical Ingredient Combinations in the Management of Tension-Type Headaches with or without Sleep Disorders. exogenous melatonin Increases - has been shown to be useful and safe in improving sleep-wake cycles and sleep quality Human
children Not specified Use of nutritional supplements based on melatonin, tryptophan and vitamin B6 (Melamil Tripto®) in children with primary chronic headache, with or without sleep disorders: a pilot study. oral melatonin treatment in the first three nights after surgery No effect - cannot yet be generally recommended improvement of sleep quality or other recovery parameters Human
— Not specified Postoperative circadian disturbances. Evening melatonin administration Decreases - appears promising delayed sleep phase disorder (DSPD) Human
young people Not specified Delayed sleep phase disorder in youth. paediatric prolonged-release melatonin (PedPRM) No effect - secondary endpoints will be the differences objective sleep quality parameters Human
children with PTSD Not specified in the abstract. Protocol MelatoSom-Kids-PTSD: sleep disturbances in children and adolescents with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial to investigate the efficacy of paediatric prolonged-release melatonin. paediatric prolonged-release melatonin (PedPRM) No effect - primary endpoint will be the difference sleep diary derived total sleep time Human
children and adolescents with PTSD Not specified in the abstract. Protocol MelatoSom-Kids-PTSD: sleep disturbances in children and adolescents with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial to investigate the efficacy of paediatric prolonged-release melatonin. paediatric prolonged-release melatonin (PedPRM) No effect - will examine the efficacy sleep disorders Human
children and adolescents with PTSD Not specified in the abstract. Protocol MelatoSom-Kids-PTSD: sleep disturbances in children and adolescents with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial to investigate the efficacy of paediatric prolonged-release melatonin. paediatric prolonged-release melatonin (PedPRM) No effect - investigating the efficacy sleep disturbances Human
children and adolescents with PTSD Not specified in the abstract. Protocol MelatoSom-Kids-PTSD: sleep disturbances in children and adolescents with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial to investigate the efficacy of paediatric prolonged-release melatonin. 6 mg regular-release melatonin No effect - did not increase total sleep Human
patients with Dravet syndrome and sleep disturbance 6 mg regular-release melatonin. Randomized Controlled Trial of Melatonin for Sleep Disturbance in Dravet Syndrome: The DREAMS Study. 6 mg regular-release melatonin No effect - no difference in wakefulness after sleep onset (WASO) Human
patients with Dravet syndrome and sleep disturbance 6 mg regular-release melatonin. Randomized Controlled Trial of Melatonin for Sleep Disturbance in Dravet Syndrome: The DREAMS Study. easily-swallowed prolonged-release melatonin mini-tablets (PedPRM; 2-5 mg) Increases - demonstrated efficacy in improving sleep duration and onset Human
125 subjects aged 2-17.5 years with Autism Spectrum Disorder or Smith-Magenis syndrome and insomnia 2-5 mg (prolonged-release mini-tablets). Pediatric Prolonged-Release Melatonin for Sleep in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Impact on Child Behavior and Caregiver's Quality of Life. 5 mg melatonin Increases - led to significant improvements sleep disturbance Human
adults experiencing symptoms of sleep disturbance 15 mg CBD or 5 mg melatonin, alone or with minor cannabinoids (capsules). The Safety and Comparative Effectiveness of Non-Psychoactive Cannabinoid Formulations for the Improvement of Sleep: A Double-Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial. Valerian and melatonin Decreases - have a small impact on sleep latency Human
— Not specified Review of Safety and Efficacy of Sleep Medicines in Older Adults. melatonin (1 mg) capsules Decreases - advanced reported sleep-onset times Human
students aged 14-19 yrs with sleep-onset difficulties 1 mg daily, administered between 16:30 and 18:00. Melatonin treatment effects on adolescent students' sleep timing and sleepiness in a placebo-controlled crossover study. melatonin (1 mg) capsules Increases - slept longer sleep duration Human
students aged 14-19 yrs with sleep-onset difficulties 1 mg daily, administered between 16:30 and 18:00. Melatonin treatment effects on adolescent students' sleep timing and sleepiness in a placebo-controlled crossover study. melatonin (1 mg) capsules Increases - was longer sleep length Human
students aged 14-19 yrs with sleep-onset difficulties 1 mg daily, administered between 16:30 and 18:00. Melatonin treatment effects on adolescent students' sleep timing and sleepiness in a placebo-controlled crossover study. melatonin (1 mg) capsules Decreases - fell asleep earlier sleep timing Human
students aged 14-19 yrs with sleep-onset difficulties 1 mg daily, administered between 16:30 and 18:00. Melatonin treatment effects on adolescent students' sleep timing and sleepiness in a placebo-controlled crossover study. oral melatonin tablets and standard treatment Increases - could substantially improve sleep quality Human
hospitalized COVID-19 patients Not specified Melatonin effects on sleep quality and outcomes of COVID-19 patients: An open-label, randomized, controlled trial. a combination of behavioral and pharmacological methods, primarily melatonin Decreases - recommend managing insomnia and sleep disturbances in ASD Human
— Not specified Insomnia in children affected by autism spectrum disorder: The role of melatonin in treatment. add-on melatonin therapy Decreases - improved sleep latency Human
patients with epilepsy Not specified Melatonin as an add-on treatment for epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. add-on melatonin treatment Decreases - improved sleep latency Human
patients with epilepsy Not specified Melatonin as an add-on treatment for epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. melatonin or melatonin-receptor agonists No effect - pooled effect was not statistically significant sleep quality via Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores Human
— — Hypnotic and Melatonin/Melatonin-Receptor Agonist Treatment in Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. melatonin or melatonin-receptor agonists Decreases - suggested beneficial treatment effects symptoms of sleep disturbance, depression, and mania Human
patients with BD — Hypnotic and Melatonin/Melatonin-Receptor Agonist Treatment in Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. low-dose melatonin treatment plus behavioral interventions (ie, evening dim light and time in bed scheduling) Increases - may improve many circadian and sleep parameters Human
adults with delayed sleep-wake phase disorder 0.5 mg melatonin, timed 3 hours before measured DLMO or 5 hours before actigraphy-based sleep onset. Low-dose exogenous melatonin plus evening dim light and time in bed scheduling advances circadian phase irrespective of measured or estimated dim light melatonin onset time: preliminary findings. melatonin replacement treatment Decreases - has given satisfactory results sleep disorders accompanying ASD Human
ASD Not specified Melatonin and Circadian Rhythm in Autism Spectrum Disorders. foods containing melatonin Increases - were linked to improved sleep outcomes Human
otherwise healthy adults Not specified Effects of Diet on Sleep: A Narrative Review. prolonged-release melatonin formulation (PRM; Circadin 2 mg) Decreases - significant differences in favour of PRM vs. placebo treatment were found sleep latency (diary, primary variable) Human
patients aged 55-80 years 2 mg once daily, 2 hours before bedtime. Prolonged release melatonin in the treatment of primary insomnia: evaluation of the age cut-off for short- and long-term response. prolonged-release melatonin formulation (PRM; Circadin 2 mg) No effect - significant differences in favour of PRM vs. placebo treatment were not found sleep latency (diary, primary variable) Human
patients aged 18-80 years 2 mg once daily, 2 hours before bedtime. Prolonged release melatonin in the treatment of primary insomnia: evaluation of the age cut-off for short- and long-term response. prolonged-release melatonin formulation (PRM; Circadin 2 mg) Increases - improvements were maintained or enhanced over the 6-month period sleep variables Human
insomnia patients 2 mg once daily, 2 hours before bedtime. Prolonged release melatonin in the treatment of primary insomnia: evaluation of the age cut-off for short- and long-term response. modified-release melatonin as Circadin™ Decreases - differences between melatonin and placebo treatment periods after 3 weeks were seen effect of pain on sleep Human
patients with severe noncancer chronic pain 2 mg of Circadin™ before sleep. Melatonin treatment has consistent but transient beneficial effects on sleep measures and pain in patients with severe chronic pain: the DREAM-CP randomised controlled trial. modified-release melatonin as Circadin™ Increases - differences between melatonin and placebo treatment periods after 3 weeks were seen overall sleep quality Human
patients with severe noncancer chronic pain 2 mg of Circadin™ before sleep. Melatonin treatment has consistent but transient beneficial effects on sleep measures and pain in patients with severe chronic pain: the DREAM-CP randomised controlled trial. modified-release melatonin as Circadin™ No effect - did not improve sleep disturbance Human
patients with severe noncancer chronic pain 2 mg of Circadin™ before sleep. Melatonin treatment has consistent but transient beneficial effects on sleep measures and pain in patients with severe chronic pain: the DREAM-CP randomised controlled trial. modified-release melatonin as Circadin™ Decreases - differences between melatonin and placebo treatment periods after 3 weeks were seen sleep disturbance Human
patients with severe noncancer chronic pain 2 mg of Circadin™ before sleep. Melatonin treatment has consistent but transient beneficial effects on sleep measures and pain in patients with severe chronic pain: the DREAM-CP randomised controlled trial. modified-release melatonin as Circadin™ Decreases - differences between melatonin and placebo treatment periods after 3 weeks were seen sleep latency Human
patients with severe noncancer chronic pain 2 mg of Circadin™ before sleep. Melatonin treatment has consistent but transient beneficial effects on sleep measures and pain in patients with severe chronic pain: the DREAM-CP randomised controlled trial. slow-release melatonin (6 mg) Increases - showed significant improvements depression and sleep Human
participants with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (fourth edition) diagnosis of MDD and early-morning waking 6 mg slow-release melatonin at bedtime. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of treatment as usual plus exogenous slow-release melatonin (6 mg) or placebo for sleep disturbance and depressed mood. slow-release melatonin (6 mg) No effect - was not specific to improvements in depression and sleep Human
participants with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (fourth edition) diagnosis of MDD and early-morning waking 6 mg slow-release melatonin at bedtime. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of treatment as usual plus exogenous slow-release melatonin (6 mg) or placebo for sleep disturbance and depressed mood. reduction in melatonin production Increases - induces insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, sleep disturbance, metabolic circadian disorganization Human
during aging, shift-work or illuminated environments during the night Not specified Melatonin, energy metabolism, and obesity: a review. melatonin 3 mg/day Decreases - significant decrease Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores Human
PD patients with subjective sleep complaints — Safety and efficacy of melatonin, clonazepam, and trazodone in patients with Parkinson's disease and sleep disorders: a randomized, double-blind trial. melatonin 3 mg/day Increases - tolerable and effective in improving sleep quality Human
patients with PD — Safety and efficacy of melatonin, clonazepam, and trazodone in patients with Parkinson's disease and sleep disorders: a randomized, double-blind trial. reduced evening melatonin production due to traumatic brain damage Increases - may cause disruption of circadian regulation of sleep and wakefulness Human
— Not available Traumatic brain injury and disturbed sleep and wakefulness. melatonin supplements and melatonin agonists Increases - showed advancing effects on sleep-wake cycle Human
healthy participants Not specified Melatonergic agents influence the sleep-wake and circadian rhythms in healthy and psychiatric participants: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Melatonin and melatonin receptor agonist No effect - is widely used agent in the therapy of sleep disturbances Human
— Not specified The role of melatonin and melatonin receptor agonist in the prevention of sleep disturbances and delirium in intensive care unit - a clinical review. melatonin and ramelteon No effect - role in the prevention of delirium and sleep disorders Human
intensive care units Not specified The role of melatonin and melatonin receptor agonist in the prevention of sleep disturbances and delirium in intensive care unit - a clinical review. administration of exogenous melatonin No effect - current treatment option Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders Human
— Not available Chronobiological disorders: current and prevalent conditions. long-term treatment with bright light and melatonin No effect - returned to baseline levels sleep duration Human
adolescents and young adults with DSPD Not specified for DIM (study focused on melatonin and light therapy). A randomized controlled trial with bright light and melatonin for delayed sleep phase disorder: effects on subjective and objective sleep. long-term treatment with bright light and melatonin No effect - maintained an advanced sleep phase sleep phase Human
adolescents and young adults with DSPD Not specified for DIM (study focused on melatonin and light therapy). A randomized controlled trial with bright light and melatonin for delayed sleep phase disorder: effects on subjective and objective sleep. bright light and melatonin No effect - allowed maintenance of the advanced sleep phase sleep phase Human
adolescents and young adults with DSPD Not specified for DIM (study focused on melatonin and light therapy). A randomized controlled trial with bright light and melatonin for delayed sleep phase disorder: effects on subjective and objective sleep. melatonin supplement Increases - significant improvement sleep duration Human
children diagnosed with ASD Not specified Comparing the Effectiveness of Physical Exercise Intervention and Melatonin Supplement in Improving Sleep Quality in Children with ASD. melatonin supplement Increases - significant improvement sleep efficiency Human
children diagnosed with ASD Not specified Comparing the Effectiveness of Physical Exercise Intervention and Melatonin Supplement in Improving Sleep Quality in Children with ASD. melatonin supplement Decreases - significant improvement sleep onset latency Human
children diagnosed with ASD Not specified Comparing the Effectiveness of Physical Exercise Intervention and Melatonin Supplement in Improving Sleep Quality in Children with ASD. melatonin supplementation Increases - similar effectiveness sleep quality Human
children with ASD Not specified Comparing the Effectiveness of Physical Exercise Intervention and Melatonin Supplement in Improving Sleep Quality in Children with ASD. melatonin supplement Increases - could improve sleep quality Human
children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) — Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial comparing the effectiveness of physical exercise and melatonin supplement on treating sleep disturbance in children with autism spectrum disorders. add-on melatonin with valproate Decreases - improvement was significantly better Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) Human
adults with generalized epilepsy with generalized onset motor seizure 3 mg/day melatonin (add-on to valproate 20 mg/kg in two divided doses). Effect of add-on melatonin on seizure outcome, neuronal damage, oxidative stress, and quality of life in generalized epilepsy with generalized onset motor seizures in adults: A randomized controlled trial. melatonin formulation Increases - found a significant improvement one or more sleep parameters Human
— Not specified in the abstract. Pharmacokinetics of exogenous melatonin in relation to formulation, and effects on sleep: A systematic review. melatonin receptors agonists (ramelteon, prolonged-release melatonin, agomelatine and tasimelteon) No effect - have recently become available for the treatment of insomnia, depression and circadian rhythms sleep-wake disorders Human
— Not specified Therapeutic effects of melatonin receptor agonists on sleep and comorbid disorders. melatonin receptor agonists Increases - Beneficial effects of comorbid neurological, psychiatric, cardiovascular and metabolic symptomatology beyond sleep regulation Human
— Not specified Therapeutic effects of melatonin receptor agonists on sleep and comorbid disorders. melatonin treatment Decreases - was shorter actual sleep time Human
children with delayed Dim Light Melatonin Onset Not specified (treatment involved full dose for 3 weeks, half dose for 1 week, then discontinuation). Termination of short term melatonin treatment in children with delayed Dim Light Melatonin Onset: effects on sleep, health, behavior problems, and parenting stress. melatonin treatment Decreases - deteriorated Sleep efficiency Human
children with delayed Dim Light Melatonin Onset Not specified (treatment involved full dose for 3 weeks, half dose for 1 week, then discontinuation). Termination of short term melatonin treatment in children with delayed Dim Light Melatonin Onset: effects on sleep, health, behavior problems, and parenting stress. melatonin treatment Increases - was longer Sleep latency Human
children with delayed Dim Light Melatonin Onset Not specified (treatment involved full dose for 3 weeks, half dose for 1 week, then discontinuation). Termination of short term melatonin treatment in children with delayed Dim Light Melatonin Onset: effects on sleep, health, behavior problems, and parenting stress. melatonin treatment Increases - was later Sleep start Human
children with delayed Dim Light Melatonin Onset Not specified (treatment involved full dose for 3 weeks, half dose for 1 week, then discontinuation). Termination of short term melatonin treatment in children with delayed Dim Light Melatonin Onset: effects on sleep, health, behavior problems, and parenting stress. melatonin treatment Decreases - may be efficacious in addressing ADHD-related sleep problems Human
ADHD patients Not specified A systematic review of circadian function, chronotype and chronotherapy in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. melatonin treatment No effect - No effects on chronic sleep reduction Human
children with chronic sleep onset insomnia and late melatonin onset Not specified Effects of Melatonin and Bright Light Treatment in Childhood Chronic Sleep Onset Insomnia With Late Melatonin Onset: A Randomized Controlled Study. melatonin treatment Increases - had positive effects on sleep efficiency (actigraphy data) Human
children with chronic sleep onset insomnia and late melatonin onset Not specified Effects of Melatonin and Bright Light Treatment in Childhood Chronic Sleep Onset Insomnia With Late Melatonin Onset: A Randomized Controlled Study. melatonin treatment Decreases - decreased sleep latency (sleep diary) Human
children with chronic sleep onset insomnia and late melatonin onset Not specified Effects of Melatonin and Bright Light Treatment in Childhood Chronic Sleep Onset Insomnia With Late Melatonin Onset: A Randomized Controlled Study. melatonin treatment Decreases - had positive effects on sleep latency (actigraphy data) Human
children with chronic sleep onset insomnia and late melatonin onset Not specified Effects of Melatonin and Bright Light Treatment in Childhood Chronic Sleep Onset Insomnia With Late Melatonin Onset: A Randomized Controlled Study. melatonin treatment Decreases - advanced sleep onset (sleep diary) Human
children with chronic sleep onset insomnia and late melatonin onset Not specified Effects of Melatonin and Bright Light Treatment in Childhood Chronic Sleep Onset Insomnia With Late Melatonin Onset: A Randomized Controlled Study. melatonin treatment Decreases - advanced sleep onset (actigraphy) Human
children with chronic sleep onset insomnia and late melatonin onset Not specified Effects of Melatonin and Bright Light Treatment in Childhood Chronic Sleep Onset Insomnia With Late Melatonin Onset: A Randomized Controlled Study. melatonin treatment Increases - had positive effects on sleep time (sleep diary data) Human
children with chronic sleep onset insomnia and late melatonin onset Not specified Effects of Melatonin and Bright Light Treatment in Childhood Chronic Sleep Onset Insomnia With Late Melatonin Onset: A Randomized Controlled Study. melatonin treatment Increases - had positive effects on sleep time (actigraphy data) Human
children with chronic sleep onset insomnia and late melatonin onset Not specified Effects of Melatonin and Bright Light Treatment in Childhood Chronic Sleep Onset Insomnia With Late Melatonin Onset: A Randomized Controlled Study. melatonin treatment Increases - increased wake after sleep onset (actigraphy) Human
children with chronic sleep onset insomnia and late melatonin onset Not specified Effects of Melatonin and Bright Light Treatment in Childhood Chronic Sleep Onset Insomnia With Late Melatonin Onset: A Randomized Controlled Study. melatonin treatment No effect - can be sustained over a long period of time without substantial deviation development of children with respect to sleep quality, puberty development and mental health scores Human
children Mean dose 2.69 mg (range 0.3–10 mg). Evaluation of sleep, puberty and mental health in children with long-term melatonin treatment for chronic idiopathic childhood sleep onset insomnia. melatonin treatment Increases - was effective in improving self-perceived sleep quality Human
patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) Not specified Poorer sleep quality predicts melatonin response in patients with traumatic brain injury: findings from a randomized controlled trial. melatonin treatment Increases - explained an additional 32% of the variance in change self-reported sleep quality scores (follow-up minus baseline score) as assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Human
— Not specified Poorer sleep quality predicts melatonin response in patients with traumatic brain injury: findings from a randomized controlled trial. melatonin treatment Increases - have the most to gain from sleep quality Human
participants who report poorer sleep quality in a sample comprising predominantly severe TBI and comorbid insomnia Not specified Poorer sleep quality predicts melatonin response in patients with traumatic brain injury: findings from a randomized controlled trial. melatonin treatment Decreases - therapeutic benefit sleep disorders related to chronic kidney disease Human
patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), especially those who are on hemodialysis Not specified The role of melatonin treatment in chronic kidney disease. melatonin treatment No effect - results were inconclusive sleep quality Human
patients with dementia Not specified Effectiveness of melatonin treatment on circadian rhythm disturbances in dementia. Are there implications for delirium? A systematic review. melatonin treatment Increases - has a promising effect on improving sleep quality Human
AD patients Not specified Melatonin regulates Aβ production/clearance balance and Aβ neurotoxicity: A potential therapeutic molecule for Alzheimer's disease. melatonin treatment Increases - improves subjective sleep quality Human
postmenopausal women with preexisting sleep impairment 3 mg and above Melatonin and the health of menopausal women: A systematic review. melatonin agonists Decreases - are used to treat sleep disorders Human
— Not specified Sleep Control, GPCRs, and Glucose Metabolism. 3 mg oral melatonin treatment daily Decreases - exhibited a significantly lower score Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) Human
healthy perimenopausal women 3 mg oral melatonin daily. Influence of Melatonin Treatment on Emotion, Sleep, and Life Quality in Perimenopausal Women: A Clinical Study. Oral melatonin (10 mg) No effect - showed no significant difference regarding duration of night sleep Human
critically ill patients 10 mg orally per night. The Effects of Melatonin Supplementation on Sleep Quality and Assessment of the Serum Melatonin in ICU Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Oral melatonin (10 mg) Increases - was associated with better sleep quality Human
critically ill patients 10 mg orally per night. The Effects of Melatonin Supplementation on Sleep Quality and Assessment of the Serum Melatonin in ICU Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Oral melatonin (10 mg) Increases - increased the proportion of participants with very good sleep Human
critically ill patients 10 mg orally per night. The Effects of Melatonin Supplementation on Sleep Quality and Assessment of the Serum Melatonin in ICU Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Oral melatonin (10 mg) Decreases - decreased the proportion of participants with very poor sleep Human
critically ill patients 10 mg orally per night. The Effects of Melatonin Supplementation on Sleep Quality and Assessment of the Serum Melatonin in ICU Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial. oral melatonin Increases - improvement in sleep sleep Human
— 200 mg, taken once daily two hours before bedtime Comparison Between Efficacy of Oral Melatonin and Oral L-theanine in Improving Sleep in Cancer Patients Suffering From Insomnia: A Randomised Double-blinded Placebo-controlled Study. oral melatonin Decreases - some evidence of benefit sleep disturbance Human
children and young people with neurodisabilities Not specified Pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for non-respiratory sleep disturbance in children with neurodisabilities: a systematic review. oral melatonin No effect - degree of benefit is uncertain sleep disturbance Human
children and young people with neurodisabilities Not specified Pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for non-respiratory sleep disturbance in children with neurodisabilities: a systematic review. oral melatonin Increases - demonstrating the efficacy sleep quality Human
children with nocturnal pruritus Not specified Itching at night: A review on reducing nocturnal pruritus in children. oral melatonin Increases - led to improved sleep quality (PSQI) Human
patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair 5 mg taken 1 hour before bedtime. Effects of Melatonin on Sleep Quality and Patient-Reported Outcomes After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial. supplemental melatonin Increases - benefits from taking minimal antioxidative properties, sleep enhancement, or other potential methods of action Human Molecular
— 1 to 3 mg daily (modest doses mentioned). Does melatonin have therapeutic use in tinnitus? Supplemental melatonin Increases - showed improvement in sleep Human
children 1 or 3 mg Melatonin for sleep in children with autism: a controlled trial examining dose, tolerability, and outcomes. Supplemental melatonin Decreases - was effective in week 1 of treatment sleep latency Human
children 1 or 3 mg Melatonin for sleep in children with autism: a controlled trial examining dose, tolerability, and outcomes. Supplemental melatonin Decreases - maintained effects over several months sleep latency Human
children 1 or 3 mg Melatonin for sleep in children with autism: a controlled trial examining dose, tolerability, and outcomes. Supplemental melatonin Decreases - improved sleep latency Human
most children 1 or 3 mg Melatonin for sleep in children with autism: a controlled trial examining dose, tolerability, and outcomes. Supplemental melatonin Decreases - has shown promise in treating sleep onset insomnia Human
children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) 1 or 3 mg Melatonin for sleep in children with autism: a controlled trial examining dose, tolerability, and outcomes. supplemental melatonin Increases - should consider the use to improve sleep sleep Human
women with lower levels of melatonin Not specified Overnight urinary melatonin levels in women with and without HIV: An observational cohort study. Administration of melatonin or tasimelteon at bedtime Decreases - resulting in continued problems sleep Human
individuals with non-24 0.5 mg melatonin (small, non-soporific doses). Diagnosis and Treatment of Non-24-h Sleep-Wake Disorder in the Blind. the melatonin agonist tasimelteon Increases - resulting in improvements night-time sleep Human
individuals with non-24-h sleep-wake disorder (non-24) 0.5 mg melatonin (small, non-soporific doses). Diagnosis and Treatment of Non-24-h Sleep-Wake Disorder in the Blind. Orally administered melatonin Increases - resulting in improvements night-time sleep Human
individuals with non-24-h sleep-wake disorder (non-24) 0.5 mg melatonin (small, non-soporific doses). Diagnosis and Treatment of Non-24-h Sleep-Wake Disorder in the Blind. Melatonin or mirtazapine Increases - seem to improve sleep quality Human
patients with Angelman syndrome — Therapeutic approach to neurological manifestations of Angelman syndrome. daily combination of 1200 mg of palmitoylethanolamide and 0.2 mg of melatonin Increases - improve sleep Human
fibromyalgia patients 1200 mg palmitoylethanolamide and 0.2 mg melatonin daily. A Fixed Combination of Palmitoylethanolamide and Melatonin (PEATONIDE) for the Management of Pain, Sleep, and Disability in Patients with Fibromyalgia: A Pilot Study. Melatonin with or without BLT No effect - did not improve sleep in general Human
49 adults (18-55 years) with ADHD and DSPS 0.5 mg/day melatonin, with or without 30 minutes of bright light therapy (BLT) between 0700 and 0800 h. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome in Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial on the Effects of Chronotherapy on Sleep. Melatonin with or without BLT No effect - did not advance sleep times Human
49 adults (18-55 years) with ADHD and DSPS 0.5 mg/day melatonin, with or without 30 minutes of bright light therapy (BLT) between 0700 and 0800 h. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome in Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial on the Effects of Chronotherapy on Sleep. combined melatonin and bright light therapies Increases - was more beneficial than single therapy sleep outcomes Human
elderly populations suffering from cognitive decline Not available The efficacy of combined bright light and melatonin therapies on sleep and circadian outcomes: A systematic review. combined melatonin and bright light therapies No effect - did not show any benefit sleep outcomes Human
delayed sleep-wake phase disorder (DSWPD) patients Not available The efficacy of combined bright light and melatonin therapies on sleep and circadian outcomes: A systematic review. prolonged-release melatonin (2 mg) No effect - did not affect EEG slow-wave activity (SWA, 0.75-4.5 Hz) during nocturnal non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep Human
sixteen healthy men and women aged 55-64 years 2 mg prolonged-release melatonin (single oral dose). Randomised clinical trial of the effects of prolonged-release melatonin, temazepam and zolpidem on slow-wave activity during sleep in healthy people. prolonged-release melatonin (2 mg) No effect - did not affect EEG slow-wave activity (SWA, 0.75-4.5 Hz) during nocturnal non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep Human
sixteen healthy men and women aged 55-64 years 2 mg prolonged-release melatonin (single oral dose). Randomised clinical trial of the effects of prolonged-release melatonin, temazepam and zolpidem on slow-wave activity during sleep in healthy people. Prolonged-release melatonin (PRM) Decreases - can be used to treat numerous organic diseases associated with sleep disorders Human
— Not specified The use of prolonged-release melatonin in circadian medicine: a systematic review. Prolonged-release melatonin (PRM) Decreases - can be used to treat sleep and circadian rhythm disorders Human
— Not specified The use of prolonged-release melatonin in circadian medicine: a systematic review. Prolonged-release melatonin (PRM) Decreases - shows efficacy in the treatment of sleep disorders Human
patients with mood disorders, schizophrenia, and neurocognitive disorders Not specified The use of prolonged-release melatonin in circadian medicine: a systematic review. Prolonged-release melatonin (PRM) Decreases - efficacy may also extend to sleep disorders associated with mood, neurodevelopmental and neurocognitive disorders Human
— Not specified The use of prolonged-release melatonin in circadian medicine: a systematic review. Prolonged-release melatonin (PRM) Increases - showing significant improvements in sleep quality Human
subjects over the age of 55 with primary insomnia Not specified The use of prolonged-release melatonin in circadian medicine: a systematic review. Prolonged-release melatonin (PRM) Increases - evidence of a positive impact on sleep quality Human
patients with neurodevelopmental disorders Not specified The use of prolonged-release melatonin in circadian medicine: a systematic review. Prolonged-release melatonin (PRM) Increases - is an effective chronopharmaceutical for restoring sleep-wake rhythm Human
patients with insomnia disorder Not specified The use of prolonged-release melatonin in circadian medicine: a systematic review. prolonged-release melatonin No effect - had no effect on objective sleep efficiency Human
patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or bipolar disorder and long-term use of benzodiazepines in combination with antipsychotics Not specified Objective and subjective sleep quality: Melatonin versus placebo add-on treatment in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder withdrawing from long-term benzodiazepine use. prolonged-release melatonin Increases - significantly improved self-reported sleep quality Human
patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or bipolar disorder and long-term use of benzodiazepines in combination with antipsychotics Not specified Objective and subjective sleep quality: Melatonin versus placebo add-on treatment in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder withdrawing from long-term benzodiazepine use. prolonged release (PR) melatonin Increases - appears efficacious with a small to medium effect size objective sleep efficiency (oSE) Human
patients with insomnia disorder Not specified Efficacy of melatonin and ramelteon for the acute and long-term management of insomnia disorder in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. prolonged release (PR) melatonin Increases - was efficacious on oSE with a large effect size objective sleep efficiency (oSE) Human
patients with a mean age ≥55 Not specified Efficacy of melatonin and ramelteon for the acute and long-term management of insomnia disorder in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. prolonged release (PR) melatonin Decreases - appears efficacious with a small to medium effect size objective sleep onset latency (oSOL) Human
patients with insomnia disorder Not specified Efficacy of melatonin and ramelteon for the acute and long-term management of insomnia disorder in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. prolonged release (PR) melatonin Decreases - appears efficacious with a small to medium effect size subjective sleep onset latency (sSOL) Human
patients with insomnia disorder Not specified Efficacy of melatonin and ramelteon for the acute and long-term management of insomnia disorder in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. prolonged-release melatonin No effect - remains a safe, effective therapy sleep disorders Human
children with neurodevelopmental disorders 4-6 mg Prolonged-release melatonin for children with neurodevelopmental disorders. prolonged-release melatonin Increases - increased sleep duration Human
children with neurodevelopmental disorders 4-6 mg Prolonged-release melatonin for children with neurodevelopmental disorders. prolonged-release melatonin Decreases - decreased sleep latency Human
children with neurodevelopmental disorders 4-6 mg Prolonged-release melatonin for children with neurodevelopmental disorders. prolonged-release melatonin Increases - improved sleep quality Human
children with neurodevelopmental disorders 4-6 mg Prolonged-release melatonin for children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Prolonged release melatonin (PRM) No effect - did not differ from the placebo sleep latency Human
patients with low endogenous melatonin (6-sulphatoxymelatonin [6-SMT] ≤8 µg/night) regardless of age Not specified in the abstract. Nightly treatment of primary insomnia with prolonged release melatonin for 6 months: a randomized placebo controlled trial on age and endogenous melatonin as predictors of efficacy and safety. Prolonged release melatonin (PRM) Decreases - significantly reduced sleep latency Human
elderly patients regardless of melatonin levels Not specified in the abstract. Nightly treatment of primary insomnia with prolonged release melatonin for 6 months: a randomized placebo controlled trial on age and endogenous melatonin as predictors of efficacy and safety. Prolonged release melatonin (PRM) Increases - were maintained or enhanced sleep latency and additional sleep and daytime parameters Human
patients Not specified in the abstract. Nightly treatment of primary insomnia with prolonged release melatonin for 6 months: a randomized placebo controlled trial on age and endogenous melatonin as predictors of efficacy and safety. Prolonged-release melatonin (Circadin®) Decreases - improvements in sleep latency Human
insomnia patients aged 55 years and older 2 mg once daily. Prolonged-release formulation of melatonin (Circadin) for the treatment of insomnia. Prolonged-release melatonin (Circadin®) Increases - improvements in sleep quality Human
insomnia patients aged 55 years and older 2 mg once daily. Prolonged-release formulation of melatonin (Circadin) for the treatment of insomnia. Prolonged-release melatonin (Circadin®) No effect - Untoward effects of hypnotics on sleep structure Human
insomnia patients aged 55 years and older 2 mg once daily. Prolonged-release formulation of melatonin (Circadin) for the treatment of insomnia. NL plus melatonin (NLM) Increases - improved perceived sleep quality Human
healthy subjects 1 mg oral melatonin administered at 21:00. Effect of oral melatonin and wearing earplugs and eye masks on nocturnal sleep in healthy subjects in a simulated intensive care unit environment: which might be a more promising strategy for ICU sleep deprivation? NL plus melatonin (NLM) Decreases - shorter sleep onset latency Human
healthy subjects 1 mg oral melatonin administered at 21:00. Effect of oral melatonin and wearing earplugs and eye masks on nocturnal sleep in healthy subjects in a simulated intensive care unit environment: which might be a more promising strategy for ICU sleep deprivation? NL plus melatonin (NLM) Increases - longer total sleep time (TST) Human
healthy subjects 1 mg oral melatonin administered at 21:00. Effect of oral melatonin and wearing earplugs and eye masks on nocturnal sleep in healthy subjects in a simulated intensive care unit environment: which might be a more promising strategy for ICU sleep deprivation? improved melatonin balance Increases - could result in better sleep quality sleep quality Human
— Not specified The influence of phototherapy on circadian melatonin and sleep regulation and potential benefits of these pathways in the management of vitiligo: a narrative review : Vitiligo, phototherapy, sleep and melatonin. melatonin granules Decreases - shortened significantly sleep onset latency (SOL) Human
children 6 to 15 years of age who had neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) and sleep problems 1, 2, or 4 mg melatonin granules orally. Long-term melatonin treatment for the sleep problems and aberrant behaviors of children with neurodevelopmental disorders. combined administration of fluoxetine and melatonin Decreases - was useful option to treat mood, sleep and appetite disorders Human
postmenopausal women 5 mg melatonin in the evening, daily. Effects of fluoxetine and melatonin on mood, sleep quality and body mass index in postmenopausal women. add-on prolonged-release melatonin (PRM) (2 mg) Increases - was also better sleep efficiency Human
patients diagnosed with mild to moderate AD 2 mg nightly Add-on prolonged-release melatonin for cognitive function and sleep in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: a 6-month, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. add-on prolonged-release melatonin (PRM) (2 mg) Increases - resulted in significant and clinically meaningful effects sleep efficiency Human
patients diagnosed with mild to moderate AD with comorbid insomnia (PSQI ≥6) 2 mg nightly Add-on prolonged-release melatonin for cognitive function and sleep in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: a 6-month, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. melatonin and its receptor agonists No effect - clinical effects are described sleep duration, continuity, and architecture Human
adults with chronic insomnia Not available Prescription Drugs Used in Insomnia. melatonin and its receptor agonists No effect - clinical effects are described sleep duration, continuity, and architecture Human
adults with chronic insomnia Not available Prescription Drugs Used in Insomnia. melatonin infusion into the PFH Increases - significantly increased NREM sleep Animal
C57BL/6J mice — Melatonin promotes sleep in mice by inhibiting orexin neurons in the perifornical lateral hypothalamus. 2 mg per night capsulated sustained-release melatonin (Circadin®) No effect - no significant difference seen sleep quality Human
patients with nocturia secondary to multiple sclerosis 2 mg per night (taken at bedtime) of sustained-release melatonin (Circadin®). Results of a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, crossover trial of melatonin for treatment of Nocturia in adults with multiple sclerosis (MeNiMS). Melatonin or other sleep-promoting agents Increases - may help sleep during required rest periods and when adjusting to night-shift work Human
shift workers Not specified Managing the patient with shift-work disorder. 3 mg time-release melatonin Increases - a larger proportion demonstrated a treatment response actigraphy-assessed sleep duration Human
survivors with sleep impairment only 3 mg time-release melatonin. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of the effectiveness of melatonin on neurocognition and sleep in survivors of childhood cancer. 3 mg time-release melatonin No effect - no statistically significant differences sleep Human
survivors from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort 3 mg time-release melatonin. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of the effectiveness of melatonin on neurocognition and sleep in survivors of childhood cancer. nighttime use of melatonin Increases - had the most promising results nighttime sleep Human
residents of long-term care facilities Not specified A systematic review of non-pharmacological interventions to improve nighttime sleep among residents of long-term care settings. disrupted melatonin pathways Increases - suggest multi-level causative mechanism development of sleep disorders Human
MS patients Not available Pathophysiological background and clinical characteristics of sleep disorders in multiple sclerosis. timed melatonin Decreases - Treatment focuses on Non-24-hour sleep-wake rhythm disorder Human
blind individuals Not specified Non-24-hour Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disorder. actigraphy or urinary metabolites of melatonin Decreases - show that sleep is markedly impaired sleep Human
hospitalized patients Not specified Sleep and sleep-disordered breathing in the hospitalized patient. melatonin alone Increases - significant improvements Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Human
patients with unilateral acute idiopathic tinnitus developed within 3months Not specified Intratympanic dexamethasone plus melatonin versus melatonin only in the treatment of unilateral acute idiopathic tinnitus. melatonin and IT dexamethazone Increases - significant improvements Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Human
patients with unilateral acute idiopathic tinnitus developed within 3months Not specified Intratympanic dexamethasone plus melatonin versus melatonin only in the treatment of unilateral acute idiopathic tinnitus. 0.5 mg fast-release melatonin combined with behavioural sleep-wake scheduling Decreases - decreased PROMIS sleep disturbance Human
clinically diagnosed DSWPD patients with delayed melatonin rhythm relative to DBT 0.5 mg fast-release melatonin, taken 1 hour before desired bedtime for at least 5 consecutive nights per week. Efficacy of melatonin with behavioural sleep-wake scheduling for delayed sleep-wake phase disorder: A double-blind, randomised clinical trial. 0.5 mg fast-release melatonin combined with behavioural sleep-wake scheduling Increases - increased sleep efficiency in the first third of time in bed (SE T1) Human
clinically diagnosed DSWPD patients with delayed melatonin rhythm relative to DBT 0.5 mg fast-release melatonin, taken 1 hour before desired bedtime for at least 5 consecutive nights per week. Efficacy of melatonin with behavioural sleep-wake scheduling for delayed sleep-wake phase disorder: A double-blind, randomised clinical trial. 0.5 mg fast-release melatonin combined with behavioural sleep-wake scheduling Decreases - occurred earlier sleep onset time Human
clinically diagnosed DSWPD patients with delayed melatonin rhythm relative to DBT 0.5 mg fast-release melatonin, taken 1 hour before desired bedtime for at least 5 consecutive nights per week. Efficacy of melatonin with behavioural sleep-wake scheduling for delayed sleep-wake phase disorder: A double-blind, randomised clinical trial. 0.5 mg fast-release melatonin combined with behavioural sleep-wake scheduling Decreases - decreased subjective sleep-related daytime impairment (PROMIS) Human
clinically diagnosed DSWPD patients with delayed melatonin rhythm relative to DBT 0.5 mg fast-release melatonin, taken 1 hour before desired bedtime for at least 5 consecutive nights per week. Efficacy of melatonin with behavioural sleep-wake scheduling for delayed sleep-wake phase disorder: A double-blind, randomised clinical trial. 6 mg oral melatonin No effect - had no effects other objective sleep outcomes Human
patients in breast cancer surgery 6 mg approximately 60 minutes before bedtime. Effect of Melatonin on Sleep in the Perioperative Period after Breast Cancer Surgery: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. 6 mg oral melatonin Increases - significantly increased sleep efficiency Human
patients in breast cancer surgery 6 mg approximately 60 minutes before bedtime. Effect of Melatonin on Sleep in the Perioperative Period after Breast Cancer Surgery: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. 6 mg oral melatonin No effect - had no effects subjective sleep quality (VAS and KSS) Human
patients in breast cancer surgery 6 mg approximately 60 minutes before bedtime. Effect of Melatonin on Sleep in the Perioperative Period after Breast Cancer Surgery: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. 6 mg oral melatonin Decreases - reduced wake after sleep onset Human
patients in breast cancer surgery 6 mg approximately 60 minutes before bedtime. Effect of Melatonin on Sleep in the Perioperative Period after Breast Cancer Surgery: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. administration of melatonin as a chronobiotic No effect - treatments include Delayed sleep phase disorder (DSPD) Human
adolescents Not specified Circadian rhythm disorders among adolescents: assessment and treatment options. melatonin supplementation No effect - being unchanged all other sleep parameters Human
people with complete tetraplegia 3 mg nightly Sleep disruption in tetraplegia: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial of 3 mg melatonin. melatonin supplementation Increases - improved significantly duration of sleep per night Human
people with complete tetraplegia 3 mg nightly Sleep disruption in tetraplegia: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial of 3 mg melatonin. melatonin supplementation Increases - showed a significant increase light sleep Human
people with complete tetraplegia 3 mg nightly Sleep disruption in tetraplegia: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial of 3 mg melatonin. melatonin supplementation Increases - improved significantly Subjective sleep Human
people with complete tetraplegia 3 mg nightly Sleep disruption in tetraplegia: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial of 3 mg melatonin. melatonin supplementation No effect - did not significantly change durations of other sleep stages Human
hypertensive patients treated with beta-blockers 2.5 mg nightly Repeated melatonin supplementation improves sleep in hypertensive patients treated with beta-blockers: a randomized controlled trial. melatonin supplementation Increases - significantly increased sleep efficiency Human
hypertensive patients treated with beta-blockers 2.5 mg nightly Repeated melatonin supplementation improves sleep in hypertensive patients treated with beta-blockers: a randomized controlled trial. melatonin supplementation Decreases - significantly shortened sleep onset latency Human
hypertensive patients treated with beta-blockers 2.5 mg nightly Repeated melatonin supplementation improves sleep in hypertensive patients treated with beta-blockers: a randomized controlled trial. melatonin supplementation Decreases - significantly decreased sleep onset latency to Stage 2 Human
hypertensive patients treated with beta-blockers 2.5 mg nightly Repeated melatonin supplementation improves sleep in hypertensive patients treated with beta-blockers: a randomized controlled trial. melatonin supplementation Increases - significantly increased Stage 2 sleep Human
hypertensive patients treated with beta-blockers 2.5 mg nightly Repeated melatonin supplementation improves sleep in hypertensive patients treated with beta-blockers: a randomized controlled trial. melatonin supplementation Increases - significantly increased total sleep time Human
hypertensive patients treated with beta-blockers 2.5 mg nightly Repeated melatonin supplementation improves sleep in hypertensive patients treated with beta-blockers: a randomized controlled trial. melatonin supplementation Decreases - significantly reduced global Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores Human
patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) 2 mg prolonged-release melatonin (Circadin®) nightly, 2 hours before bedtime. Efficacy of melatonin for sleep disturbance following traumatic brain injury: a randomised controlled trial. melatonin supplementation Increases - increased sleep efficiency on actigraphy Human
patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) 2 mg prolonged-release melatonin (Circadin®) nightly, 2 hours before bedtime. Efficacy of melatonin for sleep disturbance following traumatic brain injury: a randomised controlled trial. melatonin supplementation No effect - had no effect sleep onset latency Human
patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) 2 mg prolonged-release melatonin (Circadin®) nightly, 2 hours before bedtime. Efficacy of melatonin for sleep disturbance following traumatic brain injury: a randomised controlled trial. melatonin supplementation Decreases - significantly decreased Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Human
diabetic hemodialysis (HD) patients 2 x 5mg/day (10mg total daily dose), taken 1 hour before bedtime. The Effects of Melatonin Supplementation on Parameters of Mental Health, Glycemic Control, Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk, and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. melatonin supplementation Decreases - significantly decreased Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Human
patients under methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) — The effects of melatonin supplementation on mental health, metabolic and genetic profiles in patients under methadone maintenance treatment. melatonin supplementation Decreases - significantly decreased Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Human
women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) 10 mg melatonin (two 5 mg capsules) once daily before bedtime. Effects of melatonin administration on mental health parameters, metabolic and genetic profiles in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. melatonin supplementation Decreases - significantly reduced Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Human
patients with PD 10 mg melatonin (two 5 mg capsules) once daily before bedtime. Melatonin supplementation and the effects on clinical and metabolic status in Parkinson's disease: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. melatonin supplementation (3 mg/night for 12 weeks) Decreases - decreased Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores Human
persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) 3 mg/night 12-week melatonin supplementation improved dynamic postural stability and walking performance in persons living with multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled trial. melatonin supplementation No effect - did not significantly change Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) scores Human
patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (RMS) 3 mg or 5 mg daily. Impact of oral melatonin supplementation on urine and serum melatonin concentrations and quality-of-life measures in persons with relapsing multiple sclerosis. melatonin supplementation No effect - investigate the change in sleep Human
MS patients 3 mg/night 12-week melatonin intake attenuates cardiac autonomic dysfunction and oxidative stress in multiple sclerosis patients: a randomized controlled trial. melatonin supplementation Increases - improves sleep Human
AD patients Not specified Melatonin in Alzheimer's disease. melatonin supplementation No effect - increasingly applied sleep Human
older persons Not specified Physiological melatonin levels in healthy older people: A systematic review. melatonin supplementation Increases - improves sleep Human
intensive care patients Not specified Statistical analysis plan for the Prophylactic Melatonin for Delirium in Intensive Care (ProMEDIC): a randomised controlled trial. melatonin supplementation Increases - suggested improvements in sleep conditions Human
patients with MS Not specified Clinical efficacy and safety of melatonin supplementation in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review. melatonin supplementation Decreases - could be ameliorated sleep disturbance and fatigue Human
children with persistent post-concussion symptoms (PPCS) 3 mg or 10 mg of melatonin. Neural Correlates of Sleep Recovery following Melatonin Treatment for Pediatric Concussion: A Randomized Controlled Trial. melatonin supplementation Increases - may improve sleep disturbances Human
post-TBI Not specified Mitigating Traumatic Brain Injury: A Narrative Review of Supplementation and Dietary Protocols. Melatonin supplementation Decreases - shortened sleep-onset latency Human
children with atopic dermatitis (AD) 3 mg/d Melatonin Supplementation for Children With Atopic Dermatitis and Sleep Disturbance: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Melatonin supplementation Decreases - is a safe and effective way to improve sleep-onset latency and disease severity Human
children with AD 3 mg/d Melatonin Supplementation for Children With Atopic Dermatitis and Sleep Disturbance: A Randomized Clinical Trial. melatonin supplementation Increases - improved sleep quality Human
patients with type 2 diabetes Not available Molecular Mechanisms of the Melatonin Receptor Pathway Linking Circadian Rhythm to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. melatonin supplementation Increases - improved sleep quality Human
patients with type 2 diabetes Not available Molecular Mechanisms of the Melatonin Receptor Pathway Linking Circadian Rhythm to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. melatonin supplementation No effect - secondary outcomes include changes in sleep quality Human
— 5 mg melatonin tablets twice daily. Effects of melatonin supplementation on metabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammatory biomarkers in diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease: study protocol for a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. melatonin supplementation Increases - improved sleep quality index using PSQI Human
healthy women aged 55 years and older with insomnia 2 mg melatonin every night. Melatonin Supplementation for Six Weeks Had No Effect on Arterial Stiffness and Mitochondrial DNA in Women Aged 55 Years and Older with Insomnia: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Study. melatonin supplementation No effect - not in sleep-wake disturbance Human
elderly patients in medical wards Not specified Exogenous Melatonin for Delirium Prevention: a Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. melatonin supplementation No effect - did not significantly improve subjective sleep quality Human
orthopedic trauma patients — Effectiveness of melatonin treatment for sleep disturbance in orthopaedic trauma patients: A prospective, randomized control trial. melatonin treatments No effect - no clear evidence was shown sleep efficiency Human
Patients with sleep disorder Not mentioned Effects of exogenous melatonin supplementation on health outcomes: An umbrella review of meta-analyses based on randomized controlled trials. melatonin treatments Decreases - significantly improved sleep onset latency Human
Patients with sleep disorder Not mentioned Effects of exogenous melatonin supplementation on health outcomes: An umbrella review of meta-analyses based on randomized controlled trials. melatonin replacement therapy Increases - can improve sleep Human Animal
many AS patients Not specified Angelman syndrome and melatonin: What can they teach us about sleep regulation. melatonin receptor agonists Decreases - significantly shortened objectively measured sleep onset latency Human
adults with insomnia Not specified in the abstract. The Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Insomnia Drugs: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of 153 Randomized Trials. melatonin receptor agonists Decreases - significantly shortened subjectively measured sleep onset latency Human
adults with insomnia Not specified in the abstract. The Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Insomnia Drugs: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of 153 Randomized Trials. supplemental melatonin medication Decreases - degraded effectiveness sleep quality Human
children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) Not specified. Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial examining the association between physical activity and sleep quality in children with autism spectrum disorder based on the melatonin-mediated mechanism model. exogenous melatonin supplementation Decreases - significantly decreased percentage of N2 sleep Human
middle-aged patients with primary insomnia 3 mg fast-release melatonin daily, taken 1 hour before bedtime. Efficacy of melatonin for sleep disturbance in middle-aged primary insomnia: a double-blind, randomised clinical trial. exogenous melatonin supplementation No effect - had no significant effect percent of N1 sleep Human
middle-aged patients with primary insomnia 3 mg fast-release melatonin daily, taken 1 hour before bedtime. Efficacy of melatonin for sleep disturbance in middle-aged primary insomnia: a double-blind, randomised clinical trial. exogenous melatonin supplementation No effect - had no significant effect percent of N3 sleep Human
middle-aged patients with primary insomnia 3 mg fast-release melatonin daily, taken 1 hour before bedtime. Efficacy of melatonin for sleep disturbance in middle-aged primary insomnia: a double-blind, randomised clinical trial. exogenous melatonin supplementation No effect - had no significant effect percent of REM sleep Human
middle-aged patients with primary insomnia 3 mg fast-release melatonin daily, taken 1 hour before bedtime. Efficacy of melatonin for sleep disturbance in middle-aged primary insomnia: a double-blind, randomised clinical trial. exogenous melatonin supplementation No effect - had no significant effect sleep efficiency Human
middle-aged patients with primary insomnia 3 mg fast-release melatonin daily, taken 1 hour before bedtime. Efficacy of melatonin for sleep disturbance in middle-aged primary insomnia: a double-blind, randomised clinical trial. exogenous melatonin supplementation No effect - had no significant effect sleep latency Human
middle-aged patients with primary insomnia 3 mg fast-release melatonin daily, taken 1 hour before bedtime. Efficacy of melatonin for sleep disturbance in middle-aged primary insomnia: a double-blind, randomised clinical trial. exogenous melatonin supplementation Increases - is effective and safe in improving some aspects of objective sleep quality such as total sleep time, percentage of rapid eye movement and early morning wake time Human
middle-aged patients with insomnia 3 mg fast-release melatonin daily, taken 1 hour before bedtime. Efficacy of melatonin for sleep disturbance in middle-aged primary insomnia: a double-blind, randomised clinical trial. exogenous melatonin supplementation No effect - had no significant effect wake during the sleep Human
middle-aged patients with primary insomnia 3 mg fast-release melatonin daily, taken 1 hour before bedtime. Efficacy of melatonin for sleep disturbance in middle-aged primary insomnia: a double-blind, randomised clinical trial. exogenous melatonin supplementation Increases - recommend its use in aiding patients in improving sleep Human
pediatric special populations Not specified Review of Melatonin Supplementation for Sleep Disorders in Pediatric Special Populations. oral melatonin (as Circadin) 2 mg at night No effect - investigate the effects sleep disturbance Human
adults with severe non-malignant pain of at least 3 months' duration 2 mg daily (as modified-release Circadin) Phase II double-blind randomised controlled trial of exogenous administration of melatonin in chronic pain (DREAM-CP): a study protocol. Melatonin plus standard treatment Increases - The evidence is very uncertain about the effect sleep score Human
adult participants with cancer Not specified in the abstract. Melatonin in cancer treatment. melatonin receptor antagonist, ramelteon Decreases - is an alternative for some patients sleep-onset difficulty Human
patients with only sleep-onset difficulty Not mentioned Pharmacotherapy of insomnia. 2 mg of sustained-release melatonin Increases - caused a significant improvement sleep quality Human
rotating night shift workers 2 mg sustained-release melatonin, administered at night or in the morning depending on shift schedule. Effect of oral melatonin treatment on insulin resistance and diurnal blood pressure variability in night shift workers. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. melatonin treatment at bedtime Increases - improves sleep quality Human
rotating night shift workers 2 mg sustained-release melatonin, administered at night or in the morning depending on shift schedule. Effect of oral melatonin treatment on insulin resistance and diurnal blood pressure variability in night shift workers. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. melatonin therapy Decreases - appear the most effective at ameliorating multiple domains of sleep problems Human
children with ASD Not available Effectiveness of Sleep-Based Interventions for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-Synthesis. melatonin therapy Increases - marginally improved sleep efficacy (SE) Human
patients with dementia Not specified Melatonin for sleep disorders and cognition in dementia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. melatonin therapy Increases - prolonged total sleep time (TST) Human
patients with dementia Not specified Melatonin for sleep disorders and cognition in dementia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. prolonged-release (PR) melatonin (Circadin) 4 mg No effect - No differences between groups at the primary endpoint aggregate of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder incidents averaged over weeks 5 to 8 of treatment Human
PD patients with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder 4 mg orally once daily before bedtime. Melatonin for rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder in Parkinson's disease: A randomised controlled trial. prolonged-release (PR) melatonin (Circadin) 4 mg No effect - did not reduce rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder incidents Human
PD patients with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder 4 mg orally once daily before bedtime. Melatonin for rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder in Parkinson's disease: A randomised controlled trial. novel pediatric-appropriate, prolonged-release melatonin minitablets (PedPRM) Increases - slept on average longer at night total sleep time (TST) Human
children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), with or without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) comorbidity, and neurogenetic disorders (NGD) 2 mg escalated to 5 mg. Efficacy and Safety of Pediatric Prolonged-Release Melatonin for Insomnia in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder. Nighttime melatonin Decreases - as needed delayed sleep phase disorder Human
adolescence Not specified Common sleep disorders in children. prolonged-released melatonin Increases - should represent a first-line drug multiple sleep and daytime parameters Human
women aged ≥ 55 years Not specified Insomnia and menopause: a narrative review on mechanisms and treatments. melatonin and bright light treatment Decreases - seems to be promising sleep disorders in Alzheimer's disease Human
patients with Alzheimer's disease Not specified Sleep and Alzheimer's disease. exogenous melatonin administration Decreases - treatments include delayed sleep phase disorder Human
adolescents Not mentioned Delayed sleep wake phase disorder in adolescents: an updated review. exogenous oral melatonin Decreases - significant improvement sleep disturbances Human
melatonin-treated patients — Study of Exogenous Melatonin as a Treatment Modality for Sleep and Psychiatric Disorders in Hemodialysis Patients. exogenous oral melatonin Increases - significant improvement sleep duration Human
melatonin-treated patients — Study of Exogenous Melatonin as a Treatment Modality for Sleep and Psychiatric Disorders in Hemodialysis Patients. exogenous oral melatonin No effect - no significant difference sleep efficiency Human
melatonin-treated patients — Study of Exogenous Melatonin as a Treatment Modality for Sleep and Psychiatric Disorders in Hemodialysis Patients. exogenous oral melatonin Decreases - significant improvement sleep latency Human
melatonin-treated patients — Study of Exogenous Melatonin as a Treatment Modality for Sleep and Psychiatric Disorders in Hemodialysis Patients. exogenous oral melatonin Increases - highly significant improvement subjective sleep quality Human
melatonin-treated patients — Study of Exogenous Melatonin as a Treatment Modality for Sleep and Psychiatric Disorders in Hemodialysis Patients. exogenous oral melatonin Decreases - highly significant improvement total score of Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) Human
melatonin-treated patients — Study of Exogenous Melatonin as a Treatment Modality for Sleep and Psychiatric Disorders in Hemodialysis Patients. evening melatonin agonists Increases - enhanced sleep Human
— Not specified Circadian Rhythm Disruption in the Critically Ill: An Opportunity for Improving Outcomes. repeated administration of melatonin Increases - improves sleep Human
— Not specified Analgesic effects of melatonin: a review of current evidence from experimental and clinical studies. 25 mg oral melatonin nightly No effect - no significant differences sleep Human
Participants with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) 25 mg nightly 3-Month Melatonin Supplementation to Reduce Brain Oxidative Stress and Improve Sleep in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomised Controlled Feasibility Trial. treatment with the MT1/MT2 melatonin receptor antagonist, S22153 Decreases - largely attenuated effect of agomelatine on sleep Animal
— — Chronic agomelatine treatment corrects the abnormalities in the circadian rhythm of motor activity and sleep/wake cycle induced by prenatal restraint stress in adult rats. treatment with the MT1/MT2 melatonin receptor antagonist, S22153 Increases - caused PRS-like sleep disturbances Animal
— — Chronic agomelatine treatment corrects the abnormalities in the circadian rhythm of motor activity and sleep/wake cycle induced by prenatal restraint stress in adult rats. long-term oral melatonin administration Increases - had beneficial effects on sleep Human
patients with advanced glaucoma Daily at 10:30 pm (specific dosage amount not provided). Melatonin mitigates disrupted circadian rhythms, lowers intraocular pressure, and improves retinal ganglion cells function in glaucoma. exogenous administration of melatonin and melatonin receptor agonists Increases - was associated with a trend towards elongated duration of sleep Human
adult subjects admitted to the ICU Not specified Prophylactic use of exogenous melatonin and melatonin receptor agonists to improve sleep and delirium in the intensive care units: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. foods impacting the availability of tryptophan, as well as the synthesis of serotonin and melatonin Increases - may be the most helpful in promoting sleep Human
— Not specified Diet promotes sleep duration and quality. liposomal melatonin (melatosome) Decreases - A significant difference in SL was observed Sleep latency (SL) Human
a hundred patients between 1 and 6 years old — Efficacy of Liposomal Melatonin in sleep EEG in Childhood: A Double Blind Case Control Study. strategically timed melatonin Decreases - Treatment of the CRSWDs focuses on circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders (CRSWDs) Human
Patients with CRSWDs Not specified Clinical neurophysiology of circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders. low-dose melatonin Decreases - might be helpful sleep onset insomnia Human
children over 2 years old Low-dose melatonin, administered 30-60 minutes before bedtime (specific dose not specified). European expert guidance on management of sleep onset insomnia and melatonin use in typically developing children. low-dose melatonin Decreases - is a useful strategy for managing sleep onset insomnia Human
healthy children who have not improved or have responded insufficiently to sleep hygiene and behavioral interventions Low-dose melatonin, administered 30-60 minutes before bedtime (specific dose not specified). European expert guidance on management of sleep onset insomnia and melatonin use in typically developing children. melatonin intervention No effect - shows no substantial impact sleep quality Human
patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy Not specified in the abstract. The Influence of Melatonin on Sleep Quality After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. melatonin-fluoxetine Decreases - showed therapeutic effect sleep disturbances Human
women during/after menopausal transition Not specified Pharmacologic and hormonal treatments for menopausal sleep disturbances: A network meta-analysis of 43 randomized controlled trials and 32,271 menopausal women. melatonin 2 mg/day Increases - significantly better outcomes median duration of the first uninterrupted sleep Human
older women with nocturia — Effectiveness of melatonin for the treatment of nocturia: a randomized controlled trial. Melatonin and its analogs Increases - has been shown to have effect on sleep promotion Human
— Not specified Melatonin based therapies for delirium and dementia. pharmacological intervention using melatonin Increases - moderate effect size total sleep time Human
children with ADHD — Sleep interventions for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): A systematic literature review. 3 mg oral melatonin Increases - significantly greater improvements sleep quality domain on PSQI Human
postmenopausal breast cancer survivors 3 mg oral melatonin daily A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of melatonin on breast cancer survivors: impact on sleep, mood, and hot flashes. 3 mg oral melatonin Increases - associated with an improvement subjective sleep quality Human
breast cancer survivors 3 mg oral melatonin daily A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of melatonin on breast cancer survivors: impact on sleep, mood, and hot flashes. 3 mg oral melatonin Increases - significantly greater improvements subjective sleep quality as measured by the PSQI Human
postmenopausal breast cancer survivors 3 mg oral melatonin daily A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of melatonin on breast cancer survivors: impact on sleep, mood, and hot flashes. melatonin and melatonin receptor agonists No effect - hypothesized to be a primary treatment for nocturia secondary to sleep disorders Human
— Ramelteon (8 mg), melatonin (2 mg extended release or normal release). Melatonin and melatonin receptor agonists in the treatment of nocturia: A systematic review. melatonin and melatonin receptor agonists Increases - improvement in sleep quality Human
— Ramelteon (8 mg), melatonin (2 mg extended release or normal release). Melatonin and melatonin receptor agonists in the treatment of nocturia: A systematic review. melatonin receptor agonist, agomelatine Decreases - effectively managed non-24 hour sleep cycle disorder Human
severely brain damaged man (TM) — Challenging behaviour and sleep cycle disorder following brain injury: a preliminary response to agomelatine treatment. melatonin receptor (MT₁ and MT₂) agonist agomelatine each night Increases - resulted in an immediate and sustained improvement sleep Human
severely brain damaged man (TM) — Challenging behaviour and sleep cycle disorder following brain injury: a preliminary response to agomelatine treatment. combination of adrenocorticotropic hormone, magnesium sulfate and either melatonin or placebo Increases - assessed Sleep quality Human
Patients aged 3 months to 2 years with IS — Melatonin supplementation for the treatment of infantile spasms: protocol for a randomised placebo-controlled triple-blind trial. 10 mg melatonin per day No effect - did not change in response to treatment quality of sleep evaluated by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Human
postmenopausal women 10 mg per day. Effects of melatonin on blood pressure, arterial stiffness and quality of life in postmenopausal women: A randomized controlled trial. 4-mg melatonin Decreases - shortened significantly sleep onset latency (SOL) Human
children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) 1-mg and 4-mg melatonin, administered once daily before bedtime. Melatonin Treatment and Adequate Sleep Hygiene Interventions in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial. 1-mg melatonin Decreases - shortened significantly sleep onset latency (SOL) Human
children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) 1-mg and 4-mg melatonin, administered once daily before bedtime. Melatonin Treatment and Adequate Sleep Hygiene Interventions in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial. prophylactic administration of a sleep-inducing substance, a melatonin receptor agonist Decreases - is effective against sleep disorder after general anesthesia Human
patients with ASD Not specified in the abstract. Study on the preventive effect of ramelteon on the onset of sleep disorder after general anesthesia in patients with autism spectrum disorder: A study protocol. 
